feat(mixin): add TableBaseMixin and UUIDTableBaseMixin for async CRUD operations

- Implemented TableBaseMixin providing generic CRUD methods and automatic timestamp management.
- Introduced UUIDTableBaseMixin for models using UUID as primary keys.
- Added ListResponse for standardized paginated responses.
- Created TimeFilterRequest and PaginationRequest for filtering and pagination parameters.
- Enhanced get_with_count method to return both item list and total count.
- Included validation for time filter parameters in TimeFilterRequest.
- Improved documentation and usage examples throughout the code.

.idea/.gitignore

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-# 默认忽略的文件
-/shelf/
-/workspace.xml
-# 基于编辑器的 HTTP 客户端请求
-/httpRequests/
-# Datasource local storage ignored files
-/dataSources/
-/dataSources.local.xml

.idea/Server.iml

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
-  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
-    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
-      <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/.venv" />
-    </content>
-    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3.13 (Server)" jdkType="Python SDK" />
-    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
-  </component>
-  <component name="PyDocumentationSettings">
-    <option name="format" value="PLAIN" />
-    <option name="myDocStringFormat" value="Plain" />
-  </component>
-  <component name="TestRunnerService">
-    <option name="PROJECT_TEST_RUNNER" value="py.test" />
-  </component>
-</module>

.idea/codeStyles/codeStyleConfig.xml

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-<component name="ProjectCodeStyleConfiguration">
-  <state>
-    <option name="PREFERRED_PROJECT_CODE_STYLE" value="Default" />
-  </state>
-</component>

.idea/copilot.data.migration.agent.xml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="AgentMigrationStateService">
-    <option name="migrationStatus" value="COMPLETED" />
-  </component>
-</project>

.idea/copilot.data.migration.ask.xml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="AskMigrationStateService">
-    <option name="migrationStatus" value="COMPLETED" />
-  </component>
-</project>

.idea/copilot.data.migration.ask2agent.xml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="Ask2AgentMigrationStateService">
-    <option name="migrationStatus" value="COMPLETED" />
-  </component>
-</project>

.idea/copilot.data.migration.edit.xml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="EditMigrationStateService">
-    <option name="migrationStatus" value="COMPLETED" />
-  </component>
-</project>

.idea/dictionaries/project.xml

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-<component name="ProjectDictionaryState">
-  <dictionary name="project" />
-</component>

.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
-  <settings>
-    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
-    <version value="1.0" />
-  </settings>
-</component>

.idea/material_theme_project_new.xml

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="MaterialThemeProjectNewConfig">
-    <option name="metadata">
-      <MTProjectMetadataState>
-        <option name="migrated" value="true" />
-        <option name="pristineConfig" value="false" />
-        <option name="userId" value="298ea09f:198c11a97b9:-7ffe" />
-      </MTProjectMetadataState>
-    </option>
-    <option name="titleBarState">
-      <MTProjectTitleBarConfigState>
-        <option name="overrideColor" value="false" />
-      </MTProjectTitleBarConfigState>
-    </option>
-  </component>
-</project>

.idea/misc.xml

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="Black">
-    <option name="sdkName" value="Python 3.13 (Server)" />
-  </component>
-  <component name="ProjectRootManager" version="2" project-jdk-name="Python 3.13 (Server)" project-jdk-type="Python SDK" />
-</project>

.idea/modules.xml

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
-    <modules>
-      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/Server.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/Server.iml" />
-    </modules>
-  </component>
-</project>

.idea/vcs.xml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project version="4">
-  <component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
-    <mapping directory="" vcs="Git" />
-  </component>
-</project>

main.py

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ app = FastAPI(
 )
 
 # 挂载路由
-app.include_router(router, prefix='/api')
+app.include_router(router)
 
 # 防止直接运行 main.py
 if __name__ == "__main__":

models/README.md

@@ -228,7 +228,6 @@ models/
 | `source_name` | `str?` | 源文件名（仅文件） |
 | `size` | `int` | 文件大小（字节），目录为 0 |
 | `upload_session_id` | `str?` | 分块上传会话 ID |
-| `file_metadata` | `str?` | 文件元数据（JSON 格式） |
 | `parent_id` | `UUID?` | 父目录（外键，NULL 表示根目录） |
 | `owner_id` | `UUID` | 所有者用户（外键） |
 | `policy_id` | `UUID` | 存储策略（外键） |
@@ -237,9 +236,35 @@ models/
 - 同一父目录下名称唯一
 - 名称不能包含斜杠
 
+**关系**:
+- `metadata`: 一对一关联 FileMetadata
+
 ---
 
-### 9. SourceLink（源链接）
+### 9. FileMetadata（文件元数据）
+
+**表名**: `filemetadata`
+**基类**: `UUIDTableBase`
+
+| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
+|------|------|------|
+| `id` | `UUID` | 主键 |
+| `object_id` | `UUID` | 关联的对象（外键，唯一） |
+| `width` | `int?` | 图片/视频宽度 |
+| `height` | `int?` | 图片/视频高度 |
+| `duration` | `float?` | 音视频时长（秒） |
+| `mime_type` | `str?` | MIME类型 |
+| `bit_rate` | `int?` | 比特率 |
+| `sample_rate` | `int?` | 采样率 |
+| `channels` | `int?` | 音频通道数 |
+| `codec` | `str?` | 编解码器 |
+| `frame_rate` | `float?` | 视频帧率 |
+| `orientation` | `int?` | 图片方向 |
+| `has_thumbnail` | `bool` | 是否有缩略图 |
+
+---
+
+### 10. SourceLink（源链接）
 
 **表名**: `sourcelink`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -253,7 +278,7 @@ models/
 
 ---
 
-### 10. Share（分享）
+### 11. Share（分享）
 
 **表名**: `share`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -275,7 +300,7 @@ models/
 
 ---
 
-### 11. Report（举报）
+### 12. Report（举报）
 
 **表名**: `report`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -289,7 +314,7 @@ models/
 
 ---
 
-### 12. Tag（标签）
+### 13. Tag（标签）
 
 **表名**: `tag`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -300,7 +325,7 @@ models/
 | `name` | `str` | 标签名称 |
 | `icon` | `str?` | 标签图标 |
 | `color` | `str?` | 标签颜色 |
-| `type` | `int` | 标签类型：0=手动，1=自动 |
+| `type` | `TagType` | 标签类型：manual/automatic |
 | `expression` | `str?` | 自动标签的匹配表达式 |
 | `user_id` | `UUID` | 所属用户（外键） |
 
@@ -308,7 +333,7 @@ models/
 
 ---
 
-### 13. Task（任务）
+### 14. Task（任务）
 
 **表名**: `task`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -316,16 +341,35 @@ models/
 | 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
 |------|------|------|
 | `id` | `int` | 主键 |
-| `status` | `int` | 任务状态：0=排队中，1=处理中，2=完成，3=错误 |
+| `status` | `TaskStatus` | 任务状态：queued/running/completed/error |
-| `type` | `int` | 任务类型 |
+| `type` | `int` | 任务类型（[TODO] 待定义枚举） |
 | `progress` | `int` | 任务进度（0-100） |
 | `error` | `str?` | 错误信息 |
-| `props` | `str?` | 任务属性（JSON 格式） |
 | `user_id` | `UUID` | 所属用户（外键） |
 
+**索引**: `ix_task_status`, `ix_task_user_status`
+
+**关系**:
+- `props`: 一对一关联 TaskProps
+- `downloads`: 一对多关联 Download
+
 ---
 
-### 14. Download（离线下载）
+### 15. TaskProps（任务属性）
+
+**表名**: `taskprops`
+**基类**: `SQLModelBase`
+
+| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
+|------|------|------|
+| `task_id` | `int` | 关联的任务（外键，主键） |
+| `source_path` | `str?` | 源路径 |
+| `dest_path` | `str?` | 目标路径 |
+| `file_ids` | `str?` | 文件ID列表（逗号分隔） |
+
+---
+
+### 16. Download（离线下载）
 
 **表名**: `download`
 **基类**: `UUIDTableBase`
@@ -333,15 +377,14 @@ models/
 | 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
 |------|------|------|
 | `id` | `UUID` | 主键 |
-| `status` | `int` | 下载状态：0=进行中，1=完成，2=错误 |
+| `status` | `DownloadStatus` | 下载状态：running/completed/error |
-| `type` | `int` | 任务类型 |
+| `type` | `int` | 任务类型（[TODO] 待定义枚举） |
 | `source` | `str` | 来源 URL 或标识 |
 | `total_size` | `int` | 总大小（字节） |
 | `downloaded_size` | `int` | 已下载大小（字节） |
 | `g_id` | `str?` | Aria2 GID |
 | `speed` | `int` | 下载速度（bytes/s） |
 | `parent` | `str?` | 父任务标识 |
-| `attrs` | `str?` | 额外属性（JSON 格式） |
 | `error` | `str?` | 错误信息 |
 | `dst` | `str` | 目标存储路径 |
 | `user_id` | `UUID` | 所属用户（外键） |
@@ -350,9 +393,52 @@ models/
 
 **约束**: 同一节点下 g_id 唯一
 
+**索引**: `ix_download_status`, `ix_download_user_status`
+
+**关系**:
+- `aria2_info`: 一对一关联 DownloadAria2Info
+- `aria2_files`: 一对多关联 DownloadAria2File
+
 ---
 
-### 15. Node（节点）
+### 17. DownloadAria2Info（Aria2下载信息）
+
+**表名**: `downloadaria2info`
+**基类**: `SQLModelBase`
+
+| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
+|------|------|------|
+| `download_id` | `UUID` | 关联的下载任务（外键，主键） |
+| `info_hash` | `str?` | InfoHash（BT种子） |
+| `piece_length` | `int` | 分片大小 |
+| `num_pieces` | `int` | 分片数量 |
+| `num_seeders` | `int` | 做种人数 |
+| `connections` | `int` | 连接数 |
+| `upload_speed` | `int` | 上传速度（bytes/s） |
+| `upload_length` | `int` | 已上传大小（字节） |
+| `error_code` | `str?` | 错误代码 |
+| `error_message` | `str?` | 错误信息 |
+
+---
+
+### 18. DownloadAria2File（Aria2下载文件）
+
+**表名**: `downloadaria2file`
+**基类**: `TableBase`
+
+| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
+|------|------|------|
+| `id` | `int` | 主键 |
+| `download_id` | `UUID` | 关联的下载任务（外键） |
+| `file_index` | `int` | 文件索引（从1开始） |
+| `path` | `str` | 文件路径 |
+| `length` | `int` | 文件大小（字节） |
+| `completed_length` | `int` | 已完成大小（字节） |
+| `is_selected` | `bool` | 是否选中下载 |
+
+---
+
+### 19. Node（节点）
 
 **表名**: `node`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -360,19 +446,41 @@ models/
 | 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
 |------|------|------|
 | `id` | `int` | 主键 |
-| `status` | `int` | 节点状态：0=正常，1=离线 |
+| `status` | `NodeStatus` | 节点状态：online/offline |
 | `name` | `str` | 节点名称，唯一 |
-| `type` | `int` | 节点类型 |
+| `type` | `int` | 节点类型（[TODO] 待定义枚举） |
 | `server` | `str` | 节点地址（IP 或域名） |
 | `slave_key` | `str?` | 从机通讯密钥 |
 | `master_key` | `str?` | 主机通讯密钥 |
 | `aria2_enabled` | `bool` | 是否启用 Aria2 |
-| `aria2_options` | `str?` | Aria2 配置（JSON 格式） |
 | `rank` | `int` | 节点排序权重 |
 
+**索引**: `ix_node_status`
+
+**关系**:
+- `aria2_config`: 一对一关联 Aria2Configuration
+- `downloads`: 一对多关联 Download
+
 ---
 
-### 16. Order（订单）
+### 20. Aria2Configuration（Aria2配置）
+
+**表名**: `aria2configuration`
+**基类**: `TableBase`
+
+| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
+|------|------|------|
+| `id` | `int` | 主键 |
+| `node_id` | `int` | 关联的节点（外键，唯一） |
+| `rpc_url` | `str?` | RPC地址 |
+| `rpc_secret` | `str?` | RPC密钥 |
+| `temp_path` | `str?` | 临时下载路径 |
+| `max_concurrent` | `int` | 最大并发数（1-50，默认5） |
+| `timeout` | `int` | 请求超时时间（秒，默认300） |
+
+---
+
+### 21. Order（订单）
 
 **表名**: `order`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -381,18 +489,18 @@ models/
 |------|------|------|
 | `id` | `int` | 主键 |
 | `order_no` | `str` | 订单号，唯一 |
-| `type` | `int` | 订单类型 |
+| `type` | `int` | 订单类型（[TODO] 待定义枚举） |
 | `method` | `str?` | 支付方式 |
 | `product_id` | `int?` | 商品 ID |
 | `num` | `int` | 购买数量 |
 | `name` | `str` | 商品名称 |
 | `price` | `int` | 订单价格（分） |
-| `status` | `int` | 订单状态：0=待支付，1=已完成，2=已取消 |
+| `status` | `OrderStatus` | 订单状态：pending/completed/cancelled |
 | `user_id` | `UUID` | 所属用户（外键） |
 
 ---
 
-### 17. Redeem（兑换码）
+### 22. Redeem（兑换码）
 
 **表名**: `redeem`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -400,7 +508,7 @@ models/
 | 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
 |------|------|------|
 | `id` | `int` | 主键 |
-| `type` | `int` | 兑换码类型 |
+| `type` | `int` | 兑换码类型（[TODO] 待定义枚举） |
 | `product_id` | `int?` | 关联的商品/权益 ID |
 | `num` | `int` | 可兑换数量/时长等 |
 | `code` | `str` | 兑换码，唯一 |
@@ -408,7 +516,7 @@ models/
 
 ---
 
-### 18. StoragePack（容量包）
+### 23. StoragePack（容量包）
 
 **表名**: `storagepack`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -424,7 +532,7 @@ models/
 
 ---
 
-### 19. WebDAV（WebDAV 账户）
+### 24. WebDAV（WebDAV 账户）
 
 **表名**: `webdav`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -443,7 +551,7 @@ models/
 
 ---
 
-### 20. Setting（系统设置）
+### 25. Setting（系统设置）
 
 **表名**: `setting`
 **基类**: `TableBase`
@@ -467,23 +575,39 @@ models/
 ### 一对一关系
 
 ```
-┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
-│                      一对一关系                         │
+│                         一对一关系                                 │
-├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
-│                                                         │
+│                                                                   │
-│   Group ◄────────────────────────> GroupOptions         │
+│   Group ◄─────────────────────────> GroupOptions                  │
-│          group_id (unique FK)                           │
+│          group_id (unique FK)                                     │
-│                                                         │
+│                                                                   │
-│   Policy ◄───────────────────────> PolicyOptions        │
+│   Policy ◄────────────────────────> PolicyOptions                 │
-│          policy_id (unique FK)                          │
+│          policy_id (unique FK)                                    │
-│                                                         │
+│                                                                   │
-└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+│   Object ◄────────────────────────> FileMetadata                  │
+│          object_id (unique FK)                                    │
+│                                                                   │
+│   Node ◄──────────────────────────> Aria2Configuration            │
+│          node_id (unique FK)                                      │
+│                                                                   │
+│   Task ◄──────────────────────────> TaskProps                     │
+│          task_id (PK/FK)                                          │
+│                                                                   │
+│   Download ◄──────────────────────> DownloadAria2Info             │
+│          download_id (PK/FK)                                      │
+│                                                                   │
+└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
 ```
 
 | 主表 | 从表 | 外键 | 说明 |
 |------|------|------|------|
 | Group | GroupOptions | `group_id` (unique) | 每个用户组有且仅有一个选项配置 |
 | Policy | PolicyOptions | `policy_id` (unique) | 每个存储策略有且仅有一个扩展选项 |
+| Object | FileMetadata | `object_id` (unique) | 每个文件对象有且仅有一个元数据 |
+| Node | Aria2Configuration | `node_id` (unique) | 每个节点有且仅有一个 Aria2 配置 |
+| Task | TaskProps | `task_id` (PK) | 每个任务有且仅有一个属性配置 |
+| Download | DownloadAria2Info | `download_id` (PK) | 每个下载任务有且仅有一个 Aria2 信息 |
 
 ---
 
@@ -540,6 +664,7 @@ models/
 | **Share** | Report | `share_id` | 分享的举报 |
 | **Task** | Download | `task_id` | 任务关联的下载 |
 | **Node** | Download | `node_id` | 节点执行的下载任务 |
+| **Download** | DownloadAria2File | `download_id` | 下载任务的文件列表 |
 
 ---
 
@@ -666,6 +791,56 @@ class AvatarType(StrEnum):
     FILE = "file"          # 自定义文件
 ```
 
+### TagType
+```python
+class TagType(StrEnum):
+    MANUAL = "manual"        # 手动标签
+    AUTOMATIC = "automatic"  # 自动标签
+```
+
+### TaskStatus
+```python
+class TaskStatus(StrEnum):
+    QUEUED = "queued"        # 排队中
+    RUNNING = "running"      # 处理中
+    COMPLETED = "completed"  # 已完成
+    ERROR = "error"          # 错误
+```
+
+### DownloadStatus
+```python
+class DownloadStatus(StrEnum):
+    RUNNING = "running"      # 进行中
+    COMPLETED = "completed"  # 已完成
+    ERROR = "error"          # 错误
+```
+
+### NodeStatus
+```python
+class NodeStatus(StrEnum):
+    ONLINE = "online"    # 正常
+    OFFLINE = "offline"  # 离线
+```
+
+### OrderStatus
+```python
+class OrderStatus(StrEnum):
+    PENDING = "pending"      # 待支付
+    COMPLETED = "completed"  # 已完成
+    CANCELLED = "cancelled"  # 已取消
+```
+
+### 待定义枚举（[TODO]）
+
+以下枚举已定义框架，具体值待业务需求确定：
+
+- `TaskType` - 任务类型
+- `DownloadType` - 下载类型
+- `NodeType` - 节点类型
+- `OrderType` - 订单类型
+- `RedeemType` - 兑换码类型
+- `ReportReason` - 举报原因
+
 ---
 
 ## DTO 模型

models/__init__.py

@@ -14,12 +14,27 @@ from .user import (
 from .user_authn import AuthnResponse, UserAuthn
 from .color import ThemeResponse
 
-from .download import Download
+from .download import (
+    Download,
+    DownloadAria2File,
+    DownloadAria2Info,
+    DownloadAria2InfoBase,
+    DownloadStatus,
+    DownloadType,
+)
+from .node import (
+    Aria2Configuration,
+    Aria2ConfigurationBase,
+    Node,
+    NodeStatus,
+    NodeType,
+)
 from .group import Group, GroupBase, GroupOptions, GroupOptionsBase, GroupResponse
-from .node import Node
 from .object import (
     DirectoryCreateRequest,
     DirectoryResponse,
+    FileMetadata,
+    FileMetadataBase,
     Object,
     ObjectBase,
     ObjectDeleteRequest,
@@ -28,16 +43,16 @@ from .object import (
     ObjectType,
     PolicyResponse,
 )
-from .order import Order
+from .order import Order, OrderStatus, OrderType
 from .policy import Policy, PolicyOptions, PolicyOptionsBase, PolicyType
-from .redeem import Redeem
+from .redeem import Redeem, RedeemType
-from .report import Report
+from .report import Report, ReportReason
 from .setting import Setting, SettingsType, SiteConfigResponse
 from .share import Share
 from .source_link import SourceLink
 from .storage_pack import StoragePack
-from .tag import Tag
+from .tag import Tag, TagType
-from .task import Task
+from .task import Task, TaskProps, TaskPropsBase, TaskStatus, TaskType
 from .webdav import WebDAV
 
 from .database import engine, get_session

models/base/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,657 @@
+# SQLModels Base Module
+
+This module provides `SQLModelBase`, the root base class for all SQLModel models in this project. It includes a custom metaclass with automatic type injection and Python 3.14 compatibility.
+
+**Note**: Table base classes (`TableBaseMixin`, `UUIDTableBaseMixin`) and polymorphic utilities have been migrated to the [`sqlmodels.mixin`](../mixin/README.md) module. See the mixin documentation for CRUD operations, polymorphic inheritance patterns, and pagination utilities.
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+- [Overview](#overview)
+- [Migration Notice](#migration-notice)
+- [Python 3.14 Compatibility](#python-314-compatibility)
+- [Core Component](#core-component)
+  - [SQLModelBase](#sqlmodelbase)
+- [Metaclass Features](#metaclass-features)
+  - [Automatic sa_type Injection](#automatic-sa_type-injection)
+  - [Table Configuration](#table-configuration)
+  - [Polymorphic Support](#polymorphic-support)
+- [Custom Types Integration](#custom-types-integration)
+- [Best Practices](#best-practices)
+- [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting)
+
+## Overview
+
+The `sqlmodels.base` module provides `SQLModelBase`, the foundational base class for all SQLModel models. It features:
+
+- **Smart metaclass** that automatically extracts and injects SQLAlchemy types from type annotations
+- **Python 3.14 compatibility** through comprehensive PEP 649/749 support
+- **Flexible configuration** through class parameters and automatic docstring support
+- **Type-safe annotations** with automatic validation
+
+All models in this project should directly or indirectly inherit from `SQLModelBase`.
+
+---
+
+## Migration Notice
+
+As of the recent refactoring, the following components have been moved:
+
+| Component | Old Location | New Location |
+|-----------|-------------|--------------|
+| `TableBase` → `TableBaseMixin` | `sqlmodels.base` | `sqlmodels.mixin` |
+| `UUIDTableBase` → `UUIDTableBaseMixin` | `sqlmodels.base` | `sqlmodels.mixin` |
+| `PolymorphicBaseMixin` | `sqlmodels.base` | `sqlmodels.mixin` |
+| `create_subclass_id_mixin()` | `sqlmodels.base` | `sqlmodels.mixin` |
+| `AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin` | `sqlmodels.base` | `sqlmodels.mixin` |
+| `TableViewRequest` | `sqlmodels.base` | `sqlmodels.mixin` |
+| `now()`, `now_date()` | `sqlmodels.base` | `sqlmodels.mixin` |
+
+**Update your imports**:
+
+```python
+# ❌ Old (deprecated)
+from sqlmodels.base import TableBase, UUIDTableBase
+
+# ✅ New (correct)
+from sqlmodels.mixin import TableBaseMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin
+```
+
+For detailed documentation on table mixins, CRUD operations, and polymorphic patterns, see [`sqlmodels/mixin/README.md`](../mixin/README.md).
+
+---
+
+## Python 3.14 Compatibility
+
+### Overview
+
+This module provides full compatibility with **Python 3.14's PEP 649** (Deferred Evaluation of Annotations) and **PEP 749** (making it the default).
+
+**Key Changes in Python 3.14**:
+- Annotations are no longer evaluated at class definition time
+- Type hints are stored as deferred code objects
+- `__annotate__` function generates annotations on demand
+- Forward references become `ForwardRef` objects
+
+### Implementation Strategy
+
+We use **`typing.get_type_hints()`** as the universal annotations resolver:
+
+```python
+def _resolve_annotations(attrs: dict[str, Any]) -> tuple[...]:
+    # Create temporary proxy class
+    temp_cls = type('AnnotationProxy', (object,), dict(attrs))
+
+    # Use get_type_hints with include_extras=True
+    evaluated = get_type_hints(
+        temp_cls,
+        globalns=module_globals,
+        localns=localns,
+        include_extras=True  # Preserve Annotated metadata
+    )
+
+    return dict(evaluated), {}, module_globals, localns
+```
+
+**Why `get_type_hints()`?**
+- ✅ Works across Python 3.10-3.14+
+- ✅ Handles PEP 649 automatically
+- ✅ Preserves `Annotated` metadata (with `include_extras=True`)
+- ✅ Resolves forward references
+- ✅ Recommended by Python documentation
+
+### SQLModel Compatibility Patch
+
+**Problem**: SQLModel's `get_sqlalchemy_type()` doesn't recognize custom types with `__sqlmodel_sa_type__` attribute.
+
+**Solution**: Global monkey-patch that checks for SQLAlchemy type before falling back to original logic:
+
+```python
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
+    def _patched_get_sqlalchemy_type(field):
+        annotation = getattr(field, 'annotation', None)
+        if annotation is not None:
+            # Priority 1: Check __sqlmodel_sa_type__ attribute
+            # Handles NumpyVector[dims, dtype] and similar custom types
+            if hasattr(annotation, '__sqlmodel_sa_type__'):
+                return annotation.__sqlmodel_sa_type__
+
+            # Priority 2: Check Annotated metadata
+            if get_origin(annotation) is Annotated:
+                for metadata in get_args(annotation)[1:]:
+                    if hasattr(metadata, '__sqlmodel_sa_type__'):
+                        return metadata.__sqlmodel_sa_type__
+
+            # ... handle ForwardRef, ClassVar, etc.
+
+        return _original_get_sqlalchemy_type(field)
+```
+
+### Supported Patterns
+
+#### Pattern 1: Direct Custom Type Usage
+```python
+from sqlmodels.sqlmodel_types.dialects.postgresql import NumpyVector
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class SpeakerInfo(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: NumpyVector[256, np.float32]
+    """Voice embedding - sa_type automatically extracted"""
+```
+
+#### Pattern 2: Annotated Wrapper
+```python
+from typing import Annotated
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+EmbeddingVector = Annotated[np.ndarray, NumpyVector[256, np.float32]]
+
+class SpeakerInfo(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: EmbeddingVector
+```
+
+#### Pattern 3: Array Type
+```python
+from sqlmodels.sqlmodel_types.dialects.postgresql import Array
+from sqlmodels.mixin import TableBaseMixin
+
+class ServerConfig(TableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    protocols: Array[ProtocolEnum]
+    """Allowed protocols - sa_type from Array handler"""
+```
+
+### Migration from Python 3.13
+
+**No code changes required!** The implementation is transparent:
+
+- Uses `typing.get_type_hints()` which works in both Python 3.13 and 3.14
+- Custom types already use `__sqlmodel_sa_type__` attribute
+- Monkey-patch only activates for Python 3.14+
+
+---
+
+## Core Component
+
+### SQLModelBase
+
+`SQLModelBase` is the root base class for all SQLModel models. It uses a custom metaclass (`__DeclarativeMeta`) that provides advanced features beyond standard SQLModel capabilities.
+
+**Key Features**:
+- Automatic `use_attribute_docstrings` configuration (use docstrings instead of `Field(description=...)`)
+- Automatic `validate_by_name` configuration
+- Custom metaclass for sa_type injection and polymorphic setup
+- Integration with Pydantic v2
+- Python 3.14 PEP 649 compatibility
+
+**Usage**:
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.base import SQLModelBase
+
+class UserBase(SQLModelBase):
+    name: str
+    """User's display name"""
+
+    email: str
+    """User's email address"""
+```
+
+**Important Notes**:
+- Use **docstrings** for field descriptions, not `Field(description=...)`
+- Do NOT override `model_config` in subclasses (it's already configured in SQLModelBase)
+- This class should be used for non-table models (DTOs, request/response models)
+
+**For table models**, use mixins from `sqlmodels.mixin`:
+- `TableBaseMixin` - Integer primary key with timestamps
+- `UUIDTableBaseMixin` - UUID primary key with timestamps
+
+See [`sqlmodels/mixin/README.md`](../mixin/README.md) for complete table mixin documentation.
+
+---
+
+## Metaclass Features
+
+### Automatic sa_type Injection
+
+The metaclass automatically extracts SQLAlchemy types from custom type annotations, enabling clean syntax for complex database types.
+
+**Before** (verbose):
+```python
+from sqlmodels.sqlmodel_types.dialects.postgresql.numpy_vector import _NumpyVectorSQLAlchemyType
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class SpeakerInfo(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: np.ndarray = Field(
+        sa_type=_NumpyVectorSQLAlchemyType(256, np.float32)
+    )
+```
+
+**After** (clean):
+```python
+from sqlmodels.sqlmodel_types.dialects.postgresql import NumpyVector
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class SpeakerInfo(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: NumpyVector[256, np.float32]
+    """Speaker voice embedding"""
+```
+
+**How It Works**:
+
+The metaclass uses a three-tier detection strategy:
+
+1. **Direct `__sqlmodel_sa_type__` attribute** (Priority 1)
+   ```python
+   if hasattr(annotation, '__sqlmodel_sa_type__'):
+       return annotation.__sqlmodel_sa_type__
+   ```
+
+2. **Annotated metadata** (Priority 2)
+   ```python
+   # For Annotated[np.ndarray, NumpyVector[256, np.float32]]
+   if get_origin(annotation) is typing.Annotated:
+       for item in metadata_items:
+           if hasattr(item, '__sqlmodel_sa_type__'):
+               return item.__sqlmodel_sa_type__
+   ```
+
+3. **Pydantic Core Schema metadata** (Priority 3)
+   ```python
+   schema = annotation.__get_pydantic_core_schema__(...)
+   if schema['metadata'].get('sa_type'):
+       return schema['metadata']['sa_type']
+   ```
+
+After extracting `sa_type`, the metaclass:
+- Creates `Field(sa_type=sa_type)` if no Field is defined
+- Injects `sa_type` into existing Field if not already set
+- Respects explicit `Field(sa_type=...)` (no override)
+
+**Supported Patterns**:
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+# Pattern 1: Direct usage (recommended)
+class Model(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: NumpyVector[256, np.float32]
+
+# Pattern 2: With Field constraints
+class Model(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: NumpyVector[256, np.float32] = Field(nullable=False)
+
+# Pattern 3: Annotated wrapper
+EmbeddingVector = Annotated[np.ndarray, NumpyVector[256, np.float32]]
+
+class Model(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: EmbeddingVector
+
+# Pattern 4: Explicit sa_type (override)
+class Model(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: NumpyVector[256, np.float32] = Field(
+        sa_type=_NumpyVectorSQLAlchemyType(128, np.float16)
+    )
+```
+
+### Table Configuration
+
+The metaclass provides smart defaults and flexible configuration:
+
+**Automatic `table=True`**:
+```python
+# Classes inheriting from TableBaseMixin automatically get table=True
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class MyModel(UUIDTableBaseMixin):  # table=True is automatic
+    pass
+```
+
+**Convenient mapper arguments**:
+```python
+# Instead of verbose __mapper_args__
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class MyModel(
+    UUIDTableBaseMixin,
+    polymorphic_on='_polymorphic_name',
+    polymorphic_abstract=True
+):
+    pass
+
+# Equivalent to:
+class MyModel(UUIDTableBaseMixin):
+    __mapper_args__ = {
+        'polymorphic_on': '_polymorphic_name',
+        'polymorphic_abstract': True
+    }
+```
+
+**Smart merging**:
+```python
+# Dictionary and keyword arguments are merged
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class MyModel(
+    UUIDTableBaseMixin,
+    mapper_args={'version_id_col': 'version'},
+    polymorphic_on='type'  # Merged into __mapper_args__
+):
+    pass
+```
+
+### Polymorphic Support
+
+The metaclass supports SQLAlchemy's joined table inheritance through convenient parameters:
+
+**Supported parameters**:
+- `polymorphic_on`: Discriminator column name
+- `polymorphic_identity`: Identity value for this class
+- `polymorphic_abstract`: Whether this is an abstract base
+- `table_args`: SQLAlchemy table arguments
+- `table_name`: Override table name (becomes `__tablename__`)
+
+**For complete polymorphic inheritance patterns**, including `PolymorphicBaseMixin`, `create_subclass_id_mixin()`, and `AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin`, see [`sqlmodels/mixin/README.md`](../mixin/README.md).
+
+---
+
+## Custom Types Integration
+
+### Using NumpyVector
+
+The `NumpyVector` type demonstrates automatic sa_type injection:
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.sqlmodel_types.dialects.postgresql import NumpyVector
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+import numpy as np
+
+class SpeakerInfo(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: NumpyVector[256, np.float32]
+    """Speaker voice embedding - sa_type automatically injected"""
+```
+
+**How NumpyVector works**:
+
+```python
+# NumpyVector[dims, dtype] returns a class with:
+class _NumpyVectorType:
+    __sqlmodel_sa_type__ = _NumpyVectorSQLAlchemyType(dimensions, dtype)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __get_pydantic_core_schema__(cls, source_type, handler):
+        return handler.generate_schema(np.ndarray)
+```
+
+This dual approach ensures:
+1. Metaclass can extract `sa_type` via `__sqlmodel_sa_type__`
+2. Pydantic can validate as `np.ndarray`
+
+### Creating Custom SQLAlchemy Types
+
+To create types that work with automatic injection, provide one of:
+
+**Option 1: `__sqlmodel_sa_type__` attribute** (preferred):
+
+```python
+from sqlalchemy import TypeDecorator, String
+
+class UpperCaseString(TypeDecorator):
+    impl = String
+
+    def process_bind_param(self, value, dialect):
+        return value.upper() if value else value
+
+class UpperCaseType:
+    __sqlmodel_sa_type__ = UpperCaseString()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __get_pydantic_core_schema__(cls, source_type, handler):
+        return core_schema.str_schema()
+
+# Usage
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class MyModel(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    code: UpperCaseType  # Automatically uses UpperCaseString()
+```
+
+**Option 2: Pydantic metadata with sa_type**:
+
+```python
+def __get_pydantic_core_schema__(self, source_type, handler):
+    return core_schema.json_or_python_schema(
+        json_schema=core_schema.str_schema(),
+        python_schema=core_schema.str_schema(),
+        metadata={'sa_type': UpperCaseString()}
+    )
+```
+
+**Option 3: Using Annotated**:
+
+```python
+from typing import Annotated
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+UpperCase = Annotated[str, UpperCaseType()]
+
+class MyModel(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    code: UpperCase
+```
+
+---
+
+## Best Practices
+
+### 1. Inherit from correct base classes
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.base import SQLModelBase
+from sqlmodels.mixin import TableBaseMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+# ✅ For non-table models (DTOs, requests, responses)
+class UserBase(SQLModelBase):
+    name: str
+
+# ✅ For table models with UUID primary key
+class User(UserBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    email: str
+
+# ✅ For table models with custom primary key
+class LegacyUser(TableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    id: int = Field(primary_key=True)
+    username: str
+```
+
+### 2. Use docstrings for field descriptions
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+# ✅ Recommended
+class User(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    name: str
+    """User's display name"""
+
+# ❌ Avoid
+class User(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    name: str = Field(description="User's display name")
+```
+
+**Why?** SQLModelBase has `use_attribute_docstrings=True`, so docstrings automatically become field descriptions in API docs.
+
+### 3. Leverage automatic sa_type injection
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+# ✅ Clean and recommended
+class SpeakerInfo(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: NumpyVector[256, np.float32]
+    """Voice embedding"""
+
+# ❌ Verbose and unnecessary
+class SpeakerInfo(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    embedding: np.ndarray = Field(
+        sa_type=_NumpyVectorSQLAlchemyType(256, np.float32)
+    )
+```
+
+### 4. Follow polymorphic naming conventions
+
+See [`sqlmodels/mixin/README.md`](../mixin/README.md) for complete polymorphic inheritance patterns using `PolymorphicBaseMixin`, `create_subclass_id_mixin()`, and `AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin`.
+
+### 5. Separate Base, Parent, and Implementation classes
+
+```python
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from sqlmodels.base import SQLModelBase
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin, PolymorphicBaseMixin
+
+# ✅ Recommended structure
+class ASRBase(SQLModelBase):
+    """Pure data fields, no table"""
+    name: str
+    base_url: str
+
+class ASR(ASRBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin, PolymorphicBaseMixin, ABC):
+    """Abstract parent with table"""
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def transcribe(self, audio: bytes) -> str:
+        pass
+
+class WhisperASR(ASR, table=True):
+    """Concrete implementation"""
+    model_size: str
+
+    async def transcribe(self, audio: bytes) -> str:
+        # Implementation
+        pass
+```
+
+**Why?**
+- Base class can be reused for DTOs
+- Parent class defines the polymorphic hierarchy
+- Implementation classes are clean and focused
+
+---
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### Issue: ValueError: X has no matching SQLAlchemy type
+
+**Solution**: Ensure your custom type provides `__sqlmodel_sa_type__` attribute or proper Pydantic metadata with `sa_type`.
+
+```python
+# ✅ Provide __sqlmodel_sa_type__
+class MyType:
+    __sqlmodel_sa_type__ = MyCustomSQLAlchemyType()
+```
+
+### Issue: Can't generate DDL for NullType()
+
+**Symptoms**: Error during table creation saying a column has `NullType`.
+
+**Root Cause**: Custom type's `sa_type` not detected by SQLModel.
+
+**Solution**:
+1. Ensure your type has `__sqlmodel_sa_type__` class attribute
+2. Check that the monkey-patch is active (`sys.version_info >= (3, 14)`)
+3. Verify type annotation is correct (not a string forward reference)
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+# ✅ Correct
+class Model(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    data: NumpyVector[256, np.float32]  # __sqlmodel_sa_type__ detected
+
+# ❌ Wrong (string annotation)
+class Model(UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    data: 'NumpyVector[256, np.float32]'  # sa_type lost
+```
+
+### Issue: Polymorphic identity conflicts
+
+**Symptoms**: SQLAlchemy raises errors about duplicate polymorphic identities.
+
+**Solution**:
+1. Check that each concrete class has a unique identity
+2. Use `AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin` for automatic naming
+3. Manually specify identity if needed:
+   ```python
+   class MyClass(Parent, polymorphic_identity='unique.name', table=True):
+       pass
+   ```
+
+### Issue: Python 3.14 annotation errors
+
+**Symptoms**: Errors related to `__annotations__` or type resolution.
+
+**Solution**: The implementation uses `get_type_hints()` which handles PEP 649 automatically. If issues persist:
+1. Check for manual `__annotations__` manipulation (avoid it)
+2. Ensure all types are properly imported
+3. Avoid `from __future__ import annotations` (can cause SQLModel issues)
+
+### Issue: Polymorphic and CRUD-related errors
+
+For issues related to polymorphic inheritance, CRUD operations, or table mixins, see the troubleshooting section in [`sqlmodels/mixin/README.md`](../mixin/README.md).
+
+---
+
+## Implementation Details
+
+For developers modifying this module:
+
+**Core files**:
+- `sqlmodel_base.py` - Contains `__DeclarativeMeta` and `SQLModelBase`
+- `../mixin/table.py` - Contains `TableBaseMixin` and `UUIDTableBaseMixin`
+- `../mixin/polymorphic.py` - Contains `PolymorphicBaseMixin`, `create_subclass_id_mixin()`, and `AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin`
+
+**Key functions in this module**:
+
+1. **`_resolve_annotations(attrs: dict[str, Any])`**
+   - Uses `typing.get_type_hints()` for Python 3.14 compatibility
+   - Returns tuple: `(annotations, annotation_strings, globalns, localns)`
+   - Preserves `Annotated` metadata with `include_extras=True`
+
+2. **`_extract_sa_type_from_annotation(annotation: Any) -> Any | None`**
+   - Extracts SQLAlchemy type from type annotations
+   - Supports `__sqlmodel_sa_type__`, `Annotated`, and Pydantic core schema
+   - Called by metaclass during class creation
+
+3. **`_patched_get_sqlalchemy_type(field)`** (Python 3.14+)
+   - Global monkey-patch for SQLModel
+   - Checks `__sqlmodel_sa_type__` before falling back to original logic
+   - Handles custom types like `NumpyVector` and `Array`
+
+4. **`__DeclarativeMeta.__new__()`**
+   - Processes class definition parameters
+   - Injects `sa_type` into field definitions
+   - Sets up `__mapper_args__`, `__table_args__`, etc.
+   - Handles Python 3.14 annotations via `get_type_hints()`
+
+**Metaclass processing order**:
+1. Check if class should be a table (`_is_table_mixin`)
+2. Collect `__mapper_args__` from kwargs and explicit dict
+3. Process `table_args`, `table_name`, `abstract` parameters
+4. Resolve annotations using `get_type_hints()`
+5. For each field, try to extract `sa_type` and inject into Field
+6. Call parent metaclass with cleaned kwargs
+
+For table mixin implementation details, see [`sqlmodels/mixin/README.md`](../mixin/README.md).
+
+---
+
+## See Also
+
+**Project Documentation**:
+- [SQLModel Mixin Documentation](../mixin/README.md) - Table mixins, CRUD operations, polymorphic patterns
+- [Project Coding Standards (CLAUDE.md)](/mnt/c/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/emoecho-backend-server/CLAUDE.md)
+- [Custom SQLModel Types Guide](/mnt/c/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/emoecho-backend-server/sqlmodels/sqlmodel_types/README.md)
+
+**External References**:
+- [SQLAlchemy Joined Table Inheritance](https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/orm/inheritance.html#joined-table-inheritance)
+- [Pydantic V2 Documentation](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/)
+- [SQLModel Documentation](https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/)
+- [PEP 649: Deferred Evaluation of Annotations](https://peps.python.org/pep-0649/)
+- [PEP 749: Implementing PEP 649](https://peps.python.org/pep-0749/)
+- [Python Annotations Best Practices](https://docs.python.org/3/howto/annotations.html)

models/base/__init__.py

@@ -1,2 +1,12 @@
+"""
+SQLModel 基础模块
+
+包含：
+- SQLModelBase: 所有 SQLModel 类的基类（真正的基类）
+
+注意：
+    TableBase, UUIDTableBase, PolymorphicBaseMixin 已迁移到 models.mixin
+    为了避免循环导入，此处不再重新导出它们
+    请直接从 models.mixin 导入这些类
+"""
 from .sqlmodel_base import SQLModelBase
-from .table_base import TableBase, UUIDTableBase, now, now_date

models/base/sqlmodel_base.py

@@ -1,5 +1,846 @@
-from pydantic import ConfigDict
+import sys
-from sqlmodel import SQLModel
+import typing
+from typing import Any, Mapping, get_args, get_origin, get_type_hints
+
+from pydantic import ConfigDict
+from pydantic.fields import FieldInfo
+from pydantic_core import PydanticUndefined as Undefined
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlmodel import Field, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel.main import SQLModelMetaclass
+
+# Python 3.14+ PEP 649支持
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
+    import annotationlib
+
+    # 全局Monkey-patch: 修复SQLModel在Python 3.14上的兼容性问题
+    import sqlmodel.main
+    _original_get_sqlalchemy_type = sqlmodel.main.get_sqlalchemy_type
+
+    def _patched_get_sqlalchemy_type(field):
+        """
+        修复SQLModel的get_sqlalchemy_type函数，处理Python 3.14的类型问题。
+
+        问题：
+        1. ForwardRef对象（来自Relationship字段）会导致issubclass错误
+        2. typing._GenericAlias对象（如ClassVar[T]）也会导致同样问题
+        3. list/dict等泛型类型在没有Field/Relationship时可能导致错误
+        4. Mapped类型在Python 3.14下可能出现在annotation中
+        5. Annotated类型可能包含sa_type metadata（如Array[T]）
+        6. 自定义类型（如NumpyVector）有__sqlmodel_sa_type__属性
+        7. Pydantic已处理的Annotated类型会将metadata存储在field.metadata中
+
+        解决：
+        - 优先检查field.metadata中的__get_pydantic_core_schema__（Pydantic已处理的情况）
+        - 检测__sqlmodel_sa_type__属性（NumpyVector等）
+        - 检测Relationship/ClassVar等返回None
+        - 对于Annotated类型，尝试提取sa_type metadata
+        - 其他情况调用原始函数
+        """
+        # 优先检查 field.metadata（Pydantic已处理Annotated类型的情况）
+        # 当使用 Array[T] 或 Annotated[T, metadata] 时，Pydantic会将metadata存储在这里
+        metadata = getattr(field, 'metadata', None)
+        if metadata:
+            # metadata是一个列表，包含所有Annotated的元数据项
+            for metadata_item in metadata:
+                # 检查metadata_item是否有__get_pydantic_core_schema__方法
+                if hasattr(metadata_item, '__get_pydantic_core_schema__'):
+                    try:
+                        # 调用获取schema
+                        schema = metadata_item.__get_pydantic_core_schema__(None, None)
+                        # 检查schema的metadata中是否有sa_type
+                        if isinstance(schema, dict) and 'metadata' in schema:
+                            sa_type = schema['metadata'].get('sa_type')
+                            if sa_type is not None:
+                                return sa_type
+                    except (TypeError, AttributeError, KeyError):
+                        # Pydantic schema获取可能失败（类型不匹配、缺少属性等）
+                        # 这是正常情况，继续检查下一个metadata项
+                        pass
+
+        annotation = getattr(field, 'annotation', None)
+        if annotation is not None:
+            # 优先检查 __sqlmodel_sa_type__ 属性
+            # 这处理 NumpyVector[dims, dtype] 等自定义类型
+            if hasattr(annotation, '__sqlmodel_sa_type__'):
+                return annotation.__sqlmodel_sa_type__
+
+            # 检查自定义类型（如JSON100K）的 __get_pydantic_core_schema__ 方法
+            # 这些类型在schema的metadata中定义sa_type
+            if hasattr(annotation, '__get_pydantic_core_schema__'):
+                try:
+                    # 调用获取schema（传None作为handler，因为我们只需要metadata）
+                    schema = annotation.__get_pydantic_core_schema__(annotation, lambda x: None)
+                    # 检查schema的metadata中是否有sa_type
+                    if isinstance(schema, dict) and 'metadata' in schema:
+                        sa_type = schema['metadata'].get('sa_type')
+                        if sa_type is not None:
+                            return sa_type
+                except (TypeError, AttributeError, KeyError):
+                    # Schema获取失败，继续其他检查
+                    pass
+
+            anno_type_name = type(annotation).__name__
+
+            # ForwardRef: Relationship字段的annotation
+            if anno_type_name == 'ForwardRef':
+                return None
+
+            # AnnotatedAlias: 检查是否有sa_type metadata（如Array[T]）
+            if anno_type_name == 'AnnotatedAlias' or anno_type_name == '_AnnotatedAlias':
+                from typing import get_origin, get_args
+                import typing
+
+                # 尝试提取Annotated的metadata
+                if hasattr(typing, 'get_args'):
+                    args = get_args(annotation)
+                    # args[0]是实际类型，args[1:]是metadata
+                    for metadata in args[1:]:
+                        # 检查metadata是否有__get_pydantic_core_schema__方法
+                        if hasattr(metadata, '__get_pydantic_core_schema__'):
+                            try:
+                                # 调用获取schema
+                                schema = metadata.__get_pydantic_core_schema__(None, None)
+                                # 检查schema中是否有sa_type
+                                if isinstance(schema, dict) and 'metadata' in schema:
+                                    sa_type = schema['metadata'].get('sa_type')
+                                    if sa_type is not None:
+                                        return sa_type
+                            except (TypeError, AttributeError, KeyError):
+                                # Annotated metadata的schema获取可能失败
+                                # 这是正常的类型检查过程，继续检查下一个metadata
+                                pass
+
+            # _GenericAlias或GenericAlias: typing泛型类型
+            if anno_type_name in ('_GenericAlias', 'GenericAlias'):
+                from typing import get_origin
+                import typing
+                origin = get_origin(annotation)
+
+                # ClassVar必须跳过
+                if origin is typing.ClassVar:
+                    return None
+
+                # list/dict/tuple/set等内置泛型，如果字段没有明确的Field或Relationship，也跳过
+                # 这通常意味着它是Relationship字段或类变量
+                if origin in (list, dict, tuple, set):
+                    # 检查field_info是否存在且有意义
+                    # Relationship字段会有特殊的field_info
+                    field_info = getattr(field, 'field_info', None)
+                    if field_info is None:
+                        return None
+
+            # Mapped: SQLAlchemy 2.0的Mapped类型，SQLModel不应该处理
+            # 这可能是从父类继承的字段或Python 3.14注解处理的副作用
+            # 检查类型名称和annotation的字符串表示
+            if 'Mapped' in anno_type_name or 'Mapped' in str(annotation):
+                return None
+
+            # 检查annotation是否是Mapped类或其实例
+            try:
+                from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped as SAMapped
+                # 检查origin（对于Mapped[T]这种泛型）
+                from typing import get_origin
+                if get_origin(annotation) is SAMapped:
+                    return None
+                # 检查类型本身
+                if annotation is SAMapped or isinstance(annotation, type) and issubclass(annotation, SAMapped):
+                    return None
+            except (ImportError, TypeError):
+                # 如果SQLAlchemy没有Mapped或检查失败，继续
+                pass
+
+        # 其他情况正常处理
+        return _original_get_sqlalchemy_type(field)
+
+    sqlmodel.main.get_sqlalchemy_type = _patched_get_sqlalchemy_type
+
+    # 第二个Monkey-patch: 修复继承表类中InstrumentedAttribute作为默认值的问题
+    # 在Python 3.14 + SQLModel组合下，当子类（如SMSBaoProvider）继承父类（如VerificationCodeProvider）时，
+    # 父类的关系字段（如server_config）会在子类的model_fields中出现，
+    # 但其default值错误地设置为InstrumentedAttribute对象，而不是None
+    # 这导致实例化时尝试设置InstrumentedAttribute为字段值，触发SQLAlchemy内部错误
+    import sqlmodel._compat as _compat
+    from sqlalchemy.orm import attributes as _sa_attributes
+
+    _original_sqlmodel_table_construct = _compat.sqlmodel_table_construct
+
+    def _patched_sqlmodel_table_construct(self_instance, values):
+        """
+        修复sqlmodel_table_construct，跳过InstrumentedAttribute默认值
+
+        问题：
+        - 继承自polymorphic基类的表类（如FishAudioTTS, SMSBaoProvider）
+        - 其model_fields中的继承字段default值为InstrumentedAttribute
+        - 原函数尝试将InstrumentedAttribute设置为字段值
+        - SQLAlchemy无法处理，抛出 '_sa_instance_state' 错误
+
+        解决：
+        - 只设置用户提供的值和非InstrumentedAttribute默认值
+        - InstrumentedAttribute默认值跳过（让SQLAlchemy自己处理）
+        """
+        cls = type(self_instance)
+
+        # 收集要设置的字段值
+        fields_to_set = {}
+
+        for name, field in cls.model_fields.items():
+            # 如果用户提供了值，直接使用
+            if name in values:
+                fields_to_set[name] = values[name]
+                continue
+
+            # 否则检查默认值
+            # 跳过InstrumentedAttribute默认值 - 这些是继承字段的错误默认值
+            if isinstance(field.default, _sa_attributes.InstrumentedAttribute):
+                continue
+
+            # 使用正常的默认值
+            if field.default is not Undefined:
+                fields_to_set[name] = field.default
+            elif field.default_factory is not None:
+                fields_to_set[name] = field.get_default(call_default_factory=True)
+
+        # 设置属性 - 只设置非InstrumentedAttribute值
+        for key, value in fields_to_set.items():
+            if not isinstance(value, _sa_attributes.InstrumentedAttribute):
+                setattr(self_instance, key, value)
+
+        # 设置Pydantic内部属性
+        object.__setattr__(self_instance, '__pydantic_fields_set__', set(values.keys()))
+        if not cls.__pydantic_root_model__:
+            _extra = None
+            if cls.model_config.get('extra') == 'allow':
+                _extra = {}
+                for k, v in values.items():
+                    if k not in cls.model_fields:
+                        _extra[k] = v
+            object.__setattr__(self_instance, '__pydantic_extra__', _extra)
+
+        if cls.__pydantic_post_init__:
+            self_instance.model_post_init(None)
+        elif not cls.__pydantic_root_model__:
+            object.__setattr__(self_instance, '__pydantic_private__', None)
+
+        # 设置关系
+        for key in self_instance.__sqlmodel_relationships__:
+            value = values.get(key, Undefined)
+            if value is not Undefined:
+                setattr(self_instance, key, value)
+
+        return self_instance
+
+    _compat.sqlmodel_table_construct = _patched_sqlmodel_table_construct
+else:
+    annotationlib = None
+
+
+def _extract_sa_type_from_annotation(annotation: Any) -> Any | None:
+    """
+    从类型注解中提取SQLAlchemy类型。
+
+    支持以下形式：
+    1. NumpyVector[256, np.float32] - 直接使用类型（有__sqlmodel_sa_type__属性）
+    2. Annotated[np.ndarray, NumpyVector[256, np.float32]] - Annotated包装
+    3. 任何有__get_pydantic_core_schema__且返回metadata['sa_type']的类型
+
+    Args:
+        annotation: 字段的类型注解
+
+    Returns:
+        提取到的SQLAlchemy类型，如果没有则返回None
+    """
+    # 方法1：直接检查类型本身是否有__sqlmodel_sa_type__属性
+    # 这涵盖了 NumpyVector[256, np.float32] 这种直接使用的情况
+    if hasattr(annotation, '__sqlmodel_sa_type__'):
+        return annotation.__sqlmodel_sa_type__
+
+    # 方法2：检查是否为Annotated类型
+    if get_origin(annotation) is typing.Annotated:
+        # 获取元数据项（跳过第一个实际类型参数）
+        args = get_args(annotation)
+        if len(args) >= 2:
+            metadata_items = args[1:]  # 第一个是实际类型，后面都是元数据
+
+            # 遍历元数据，查找包含sa_type的项
+            for item in metadata_items:
+                # 检查元数据项是否有__sqlmodel_sa_type__属性
+                if hasattr(item, '__sqlmodel_sa_type__'):
+                    return item.__sqlmodel_sa_type__
+
+                # 检查是否有__get_pydantic_core_schema__方法
+                if hasattr(item, '__get_pydantic_core_schema__'):
+                    try:
+                        # 调用该方法获取core schema
+                        schema = item.__get_pydantic_core_schema__(
+                            annotation,
+                            lambda x: None  # 虚拟handler
+                        )
+                        # 检查schema的metadata中是否有sa_type
+                        if isinstance(schema, dict) and 'metadata' in schema:
+                            sa_type = schema['metadata'].get('sa_type')
+                            if sa_type is not None:
+                                return sa_type
+                    except (TypeError, AttributeError, KeyError, ValueError):
+                        # Pydantic core schema获取可能失败：
+                        # - TypeError: 参数不匹配
+                        # - AttributeError: metadata不存在
+                        # - KeyError: schema结构不符合预期
+                        # - ValueError: 无效的类型定义
+                        # 这是正常的类型探测过程，继续检查下一个metadata项
+                        pass
+
+    # 方法3：检查类型本身是否有__get_pydantic_core_schema__
+    # （虽然NumpyVector已经在方法1处理，但这是通用的fallback）
+    if hasattr(annotation, '__get_pydantic_core_schema__'):
+        try:
+            schema = annotation.__get_pydantic_core_schema__(
+                annotation,
+                lambda x: None  # 虚拟handler
+            )
+            if isinstance(schema, dict) and 'metadata' in schema:
+                sa_type = schema['metadata'].get('sa_type')
+                if sa_type is not None:
+                    return sa_type
+        except (TypeError, AttributeError, KeyError, ValueError):
+            # 类型本身的schema获取失败
+            # 这是正常的fallback机制，annotation可能不支持此协议
+            pass
+
+    return None
+
+
+def _resolve_annotations(attrs: dict[str, Any]) -> tuple[
+    dict[str, Any],
+    dict[str, str],
+    Mapping[str, Any],
+    Mapping[str, Any],
+]:
+    """
+    Resolve annotations from a class namespace with Python 3.14 (PEP 649) support.
+
+    This helper prefers evaluated annotations (Format.VALUE) so that `typing.Annotated`
+    metadata and custom types remain accessible. Forward references that cannot be
+    evaluated are replaced with typing.ForwardRef placeholders to avoid aborting the
+    whole resolution process.
+    """
+    raw_annotations = attrs.get('__annotations__') or {}
+    try:
+        base_annotations = dict(raw_annotations)
+    except TypeError:
+        base_annotations = {}
+
+    module_name = attrs.get('__module__')
+    module_globals: dict[str, Any]
+    if module_name and module_name in sys.modules:
+        module_globals = dict(sys.modules[module_name].__dict__)
+    else:
+        module_globals = {}
+
+    module_globals.setdefault('__builtins__', __builtins__)
+    localns: dict[str, Any] = dict(attrs)
+
+    try:
+        temp_cls = type('AnnotationProxy', (object,), dict(attrs))
+        temp_cls.__module__ = module_name
+        extras_kw = {'include_extras': True} if sys.version_info >= (3, 10) else {}
+        evaluated = get_type_hints(
+            temp_cls,
+            globalns=module_globals,
+            localns=localns,
+            **extras_kw,
+        )
+    except (NameError, AttributeError, TypeError, RecursionError):
+        # get_type_hints可能失败的原因：
+        # - NameError: 前向引用无法解析（类型尚未定义）
+        # - AttributeError: 模块或类型不存在
+        # - TypeError: 无效的类型注解
+        # - RecursionError: 循环依赖的类型定义
+        # 这是正常情况，回退到原始注解字符串
+        evaluated = base_annotations
+
+    return dict(evaluated), {}, module_globals, localns
+
+
+def _evaluate_annotation_from_string(
+    field_name: str,
+    annotation_strings: dict[str, str],
+    current_type: Any,
+    globalns: Mapping[str, Any],
+    localns: Mapping[str, Any],
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Attempt to re-evaluate the original annotation string for a field.
+
+    This is used as a fallback when the resolved annotation lost its metadata
+    (e.g., Annotated wrappers) and we need to recover custom sa_type data.
+    """
+    if not annotation_strings:
+        return current_type
+
+    expr = annotation_strings.get(field_name)
+    if not expr or not isinstance(expr, str):
+        return current_type
+
+    try:
+        return eval(expr, globalns, localns)
+    except (NameError, SyntaxError, AttributeError, TypeError):
+        # eval可能失败的原因：
+        # - NameError: 类型名称在namespace中不存在
+        # - SyntaxError: 注解字符串有语法错误
+        # - AttributeError: 访问不存在的模块属性
+        # - TypeError: 无效的类型表达式
+        # 这是正常的fallback机制，返回当前已解析的类型
+        return current_type
+
+
+class __DeclarativeMeta(SQLModelMetaclass):
+    """
+    一个智能的混合模式元类，它提供了灵活性和清晰度：
+
+    1.  **自动设置 `table=True`**: 如果一个类继承了 `TableBaseMixin`，则自动应用 `table=True`。
+    2.  **明确的字典参数**: 支持 `mapper_args={...}`, `table_args={...}`, `table_name='...'`。
+    3.  **便捷的关键字参数**: 支持最常见的 mapper 参数作为顶级关键字（如 `polymorphic_on`）。
+    4.  **智能合并**: 当字典和关键字同时提供时，会自动合并，且关键字参数有更高优先级。
+    """
+
+    _KNOWN_MAPPER_KEYS = {
+        "polymorphic_on",
+        "polymorphic_identity",
+        "polymorphic_abstract",
+        "version_id_col",
+        "concrete",
+    }
+
+    def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs, **kwargs):
+        # 1. 约定优于配置：自动设置 table=True
+        is_intended_as_table = any(getattr(b, '_is_table_mixin', False) for b in bases)
+        if is_intended_as_table and 'table' not in kwargs:
+            kwargs['table'] = True
+
+        # 2. 智能合并 __mapper_args__
+        collected_mapper_args = {}
+
+        # 首先，处理明确的 mapper_args 字典 (优先级较低)
+        if 'mapper_args' in kwargs:
+            collected_mapper_args.update(kwargs.pop('mapper_args'))
+
+        # 其次，处理便捷的关键字参数 (优先级更高)
+        for key in cls._KNOWN_MAPPER_KEYS:
+            if key in kwargs:
+                # .pop() 获取值并移除，避免传递给父类
+                collected_mapper_args[key] = kwargs.pop(key)
+
+        # 如果收集到了任何 mapper 参数，则更新到类的属性中
+        if collected_mapper_args:
+            existing = attrs.get('__mapper_args__', {}).copy()
+            existing.update(collected_mapper_args)
+            attrs['__mapper_args__'] = existing
+
+        # 3. 处理其他明确的参数
+        if 'table_args' in kwargs:
+            attrs['__table_args__'] = kwargs.pop('table_args')
+        if 'table_name' in kwargs:
+            attrs['__tablename__'] = kwargs.pop('table_name')
+        if 'abstract' in kwargs:
+            attrs['__abstract__'] = kwargs.pop('abstract')
+
+        # 4. 从Annotated元数据中提取sa_type并注入到Field
+        # 重要：必须在调用父类__new__之前处理，因为SQLModel会消费annotations
+        #
+        # Python 3.14兼容性问题：
+        # - SQLModel在Python 3.14上会因为ClassVar[T]类型而崩溃（issubclass错误）
+        # - 我们必须在SQLModel看到annotations之前过滤掉ClassVar字段
+        # - 虽然PEP 749建议不修改__annotations__，但这是修复SQLModel bug的必要措施
+        #
+        # 获取annotations的策略：
+        # - Python 3.14+: 优先从__annotate__获取（如果存在）
+        # - fallback: 从__annotations__读取（如果存在）
+        # - 最终fallback: 空字典
+        annotations, annotation_strings, eval_globals, eval_locals = _resolve_annotations(attrs)
+
+        if annotations:
+            attrs['__annotations__'] = annotations
+            if annotationlib is not None:
+                # 在Python 3.14中禁用descriptor，转为普通dict
+                attrs['__annotate__'] = None
+
+        for field_name, field_type in annotations.items():
+            field_type = _evaluate_annotation_from_string(
+                field_name,
+                annotation_strings,
+                field_type,
+                eval_globals,
+                eval_locals,
+            )
+
+            # 跳过字符串或ForwardRef类型注解，让SQLModel自己处理
+            if isinstance(field_type, str) or isinstance(field_type, typing.ForwardRef):
+                continue
+
+            # 跳过特殊类型的字段
+            origin = get_origin(field_type)
+
+            # 跳过 ClassVar 字段 - 它们不是数据库字段
+            if origin is typing.ClassVar:
+                continue
+
+            # 跳过 Mapped 字段 - SQLAlchemy 2.0+ 的声明式字段，已经有 mapped_column
+            if origin is Mapped:
+                continue
+
+            # 尝试从注解中提取sa_type
+            sa_type = _extract_sa_type_from_annotation(field_type)
+
+            if sa_type is not None:
+                # 检查字段是否已有Field定义
+                field_value = attrs.get(field_name, Undefined)
+
+                if field_value is Undefined:
+                    # 没有Field定义，创建一个新的Field并注入sa_type
+                    attrs[field_name] = Field(sa_type=sa_type)
+                elif isinstance(field_value, FieldInfo):
+                    # 已有Field定义，检查是否已设置sa_type
+                    # 注意：只有在未设置时才注入，尊重显式配置
+                    # SQLModel使用Undefined作为"未设置"的标记
+                    if not hasattr(field_value, 'sa_type') or field_value.sa_type is Undefined:
+                        field_value.sa_type = sa_type
+                # 如果field_value是其他类型（如默认值），不处理
+                # SQLModel会在后续处理中将其转换为Field
+
+        # 5. 调用父类的 __new__ 方法，传入被清理过的 kwargs
+        result = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs, **kwargs)
+
+        # 6. 修复：在联表继承场景下，继承父类的 __sqlmodel_relationships__
+        # SQLModel 为每个 table=True 的类创建新的空 __sqlmodel_relationships__
+        # 这导致子类丢失父类的关系定义，触发错误的 Column 创建
+        # 必须在 super().__new__() 之后修复，因为 SQLModel 会覆盖我们预设的值
+        if kwargs.get('table', False):
+            for base in bases:
+                if hasattr(base, '__sqlmodel_relationships__'):
+                    for rel_name, rel_info in base.__sqlmodel_relationships__.items():
+                        # 只继承子类没有重新定义的关系
+                        if rel_name not in result.__sqlmodel_relationships__:
+                            result.__sqlmodel_relationships__[rel_name] = rel_info
+                            # 同时修复被错误创建的 Column - 恢复为父类的 relationship
+                            if hasattr(base, rel_name):
+                                base_attr = getattr(base, rel_name)
+                                setattr(result, rel_name, base_attr)
+
+        # 7. 检测：禁止子类重定义父类的 Relationship 字段
+        # 子类重定义同名的 Relationship 字段会导致 SQLAlchemy 关系映射混乱，
+        # 应该在类定义时立即报错，而不是在运行时出现难以调试的问题。
+        for base in bases:
+            parent_relationships = getattr(base, '__sqlmodel_relationships__', {})
+            for rel_name in parent_relationships:
+                # 检查当前类是否在 attrs 中重新定义了这个关系字段
+                if rel_name in attrs:
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"类 {name} 不允许重定义父类 {base.__name__} 的 Relationship 字段 '{rel_name}'。"
+                        f"如需修改关系配置，请在父类中修改。"
+                    )
+
+        # 8. 修复：从 model_fields/__pydantic_fields__ 中移除 Relationship 字段
+        # SQLModel 0.0.27 bug：子类会错误地继承父类的 Relationship 字段到 model_fields
+        # 这导致 Pydantic 尝试为 Relationship 字段生成 schema，因为类型是
+        # Mapped[list['Character']] 这种前向引用，Pydantic 无法解析，
+        # 导致 __pydantic_complete__ = False
+        #
+        # 修复策略：
+        # - 检查类的 __sqlmodel_relationships__ 属性
+        # - 从 model_fields 和 __pydantic_fields__ 中移除这些字段
+        # - Relationship 字段由 SQLAlchemy 管理，不需要 Pydantic 参与
+        relationships = getattr(result, '__sqlmodel_relationships__', {})
+        if relationships:
+            model_fields = getattr(result, 'model_fields', {})
+            pydantic_fields = getattr(result, '__pydantic_fields__', {})
+
+            fields_removed = False
+            for rel_name in relationships:
+                if rel_name in model_fields:
+                    del model_fields[rel_name]
+                    fields_removed = True
+                if rel_name in pydantic_fields:
+                    del pydantic_fields[rel_name]
+                    fields_removed = True
+
+            # 如果移除了字段，重新构建 Pydantic 模式
+            # 注意：只在有字段被移除时才 rebuild，避免不必要的开销
+            if fields_removed and hasattr(result, 'model_rebuild'):
+                result.model_rebuild(force=True)
+
+        return result
+
+    def __init__(
+        cls,
+        classname: str,
+        bases: tuple[type, ...],
+        dict_: dict[str, typing.Any],
+        **kw: typing.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        重写 SQLModel 的 __init__ 以支持联表继承（Joined Table Inheritance）
+
+        SQLModel 原始行为：
+        - 如果任何基类是表模型，则不调用 DeclarativeMeta.__init__
+        - 这阻止了子类创建自己的表
+
+        修复逻辑：
+        - 检测联表继承场景（子类有自己的 __tablename__ 且有外键指向父表）
+        - 强制调用 DeclarativeMeta.__init__ 来创建子表
+        """
+        from sqlmodel.main import is_table_model_class, DeclarativeMeta, ModelMetaclass
+
+        # 检查是否是表模型
+        if not is_table_model_class(cls):
+            ModelMetaclass.__init__(cls, classname, bases, dict_, **kw)
+            return
+
+        # 检查是否有基类是表模型
+        base_is_table = any(is_table_model_class(base) for base in bases)
+
+        if not base_is_table:
+            # 没有基类是表模型，走正常的 SQLModel 流程
+            # 处理关系字段
+            cls._setup_relationships()
+            DeclarativeMeta.__init__(cls, classname, bases, dict_, **kw)
+            return
+
+        # 关键：检测联表继承场景
+        # 条件：
+        # 1. 当前类的 __tablename__ 与父类不同（表示需要新表）
+        # 2. 当前类有字段带有 foreign_key 指向父表
+        current_tablename = getattr(cls, '__tablename__', None)
+
+        # 查找父表信息
+        parent_table = None
+        parent_tablename = None
+        for base in bases:
+            if is_table_model_class(base) and hasattr(base, '__tablename__'):
+                parent_tablename = base.__tablename__
+                break
+
+        # 检查是否有不同的 tablename
+        has_different_tablename = (
+            current_tablename is not None
+            and parent_tablename is not None
+            and current_tablename != parent_tablename
+        )
+
+        # 检查是否有外键字段指向父表的主键
+        # 注意：由于字段合并，我们需要检查直接基类的 model_fields
+        # 而不是当前类的合并后的 model_fields
+        has_fk_to_parent = False
+
+        def _normalize_tablename(name: str) -> str:
+            """标准化表名以进行比较（移除下划线，转小写）"""
+            return name.replace('_', '').lower()
+
+        def _fk_matches_parent(fk_str: str, parent_table: str) -> bool:
+            """检查 FK 字符串是否指向父表"""
+            if not fk_str or not parent_table:
+                return False
+            # FK 格式: "tablename.column" 或 "schema.tablename.column"
+            parts = fk_str.split('.')
+            if len(parts) >= 2:
+                fk_table = parts[-2]  # 取倒数第二个作为表名
+                # 标准化比较（处理下划线差异）
+                return _normalize_tablename(fk_table) == _normalize_tablename(parent_table)
+            return False
+
+        if has_different_tablename and parent_tablename:
+            # 首先检查当前类的 model_fields
+            for field_name, field_info in cls.model_fields.items():
+                fk = getattr(field_info, 'foreign_key', None)
+                if fk is not None and isinstance(fk, str) and _fk_matches_parent(fk, parent_tablename):
+                    has_fk_to_parent = True
+                    break
+
+            # 如果没找到，检查直接基类的 model_fields（解决 mixin 字段被覆盖的问题）
+            if not has_fk_to_parent:
+                for base in bases:
+                    if hasattr(base, 'model_fields'):
+                        for field_name, field_info in base.model_fields.items():
+                            fk = getattr(field_info, 'foreign_key', None)
+                            if fk is not None and isinstance(fk, str) and _fk_matches_parent(fk, parent_tablename):
+                                has_fk_to_parent = True
+                                break
+                    if has_fk_to_parent:
+                        break
+
+        is_joined_inheritance = has_different_tablename and has_fk_to_parent
+
+        if is_joined_inheritance:
+            # 联表继承：需要创建子表
+
+            # 修复外键字段：由于字段合并，外键信息可能丢失
+            # 需要从基类的 mixin 中找回外键信息，并重建列
+            from sqlalchemy import Column, ForeignKey, inspect as sa_inspect
+            from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID as SA_UUID
+            from sqlalchemy.exc import NoInspectionAvailable
+            from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import InstrumentedAttribute
+
+            # 联表继承：子表只应该有 id（FK 到父表）+ 子类特有的字段
+            # 所有继承自祖先表的列都不应该在子表中重复创建
+
+            # 收集整个继承链中所有祖先表的列名（这些列不应该在子表中重复）
+            # 需要遍历整个 MRO，因为可能是多级继承（如 Tool -> Function -> GetWeatherFunction）
+            ancestor_column_names: set[str] = set()
+            for ancestor in cls.__mro__:
+                if ancestor is cls:
+                    continue  # 跳过当前类
+                if is_table_model_class(ancestor):
+                    try:
+                        # 使用 inspect() 获取 mapper 的公开属性
+                        # 源码确认: mapper.local_table 是公开属性 (mapper.py:979-998)
+                        mapper = sa_inspect(ancestor)
+                        for col in mapper.local_table.columns:
+                            # 跳过 _polymorphic_name 列（鉴别器，由根父表管理）
+                            if col.name.startswith('_polymorphic'):
+                                continue
+                            ancestor_column_names.add(col.name)
+                    except NoInspectionAvailable:
+                        continue
+
+            # 找到子类自己定义的字段（不在父类中的）
+            child_own_fields: set[str] = set()
+            for field_name in cls.model_fields:
+                # 检查这个字段是否是在当前类直接定义的（不是继承的）
+                # 通过检查父类是否有这个字段来判断
+                is_inherited = False
+                for base in bases:
+                    if hasattr(base, 'model_fields') and field_name in base.model_fields:
+                        is_inherited = True
+                        break
+                if not is_inherited:
+                    child_own_fields.add(field_name)
+
+            # 从子类类属性中移除父表已有的列定义
+            # 这样 SQLAlchemy 就不会在子表中创建这些列
+            fk_field_name = None
+            for base in bases:
+                if hasattr(base, 'model_fields'):
+                    for field_name, field_info in base.model_fields.items():
+                        fk = getattr(field_info, 'foreign_key', None)
+                        pk = getattr(field_info, 'primary_key', False)
+                        if fk is not None and isinstance(fk, str) and _fk_matches_parent(fk, parent_tablename):
+                            fk_field_name = field_name
+                            # 找到了外键字段，重建它
+                            # 创建一个新的 Column 对象包含外键约束
+                            new_col = Column(
+                                field_name,
+                                SA_UUID(as_uuid=True),
+                                ForeignKey(fk),
+                                primary_key=pk if pk else False
+                            )
+                            setattr(cls, field_name, new_col)
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        continue
+                    break
+
+            # 移除继承自祖先表的列属性（除了 FK/PK 和子类自己的字段）
+            # 这防止 SQLAlchemy 在子表中创建重复列
+            # 注意：在 __init__ 阶段，列是 Column 对象，不是 InstrumentedAttribute
+            for col_name in ancestor_column_names:
+                if col_name == fk_field_name:
+                    continue  # 保留 FK/PK 列（子表的主键，同时是父表的外键）
+                if col_name == 'id':
+                    continue  # id 会被 FK 字段覆盖
+                if col_name in child_own_fields:
+                    continue  # 保留子类自己定义的字段
+
+                # 检查类属性是否是 Column 或 InstrumentedAttribute
+                if col_name in cls.__dict__:
+                    attr = cls.__dict__[col_name]
+                    # Column 对象或 InstrumentedAttribute 都需要删除
+                    if isinstance(attr, (Column, InstrumentedAttribute)):
+                        try:
+                            delattr(cls, col_name)
+                        except AttributeError:
+                            pass
+
+            # 找到子类自己定义的关系（不在父类中的）
+            # 继承的关系会从父类自动获取，只需要设置子类新增的关系
+            child_own_relationships: set[str] = set()
+            for rel_name in cls.__sqlmodel_relationships__:
+                is_inherited = False
+                for base in bases:
+                    if hasattr(base, '__sqlmodel_relationships__') and rel_name in base.__sqlmodel_relationships__:
+                        is_inherited = True
+                        break
+                if not is_inherited:
+                    child_own_relationships.add(rel_name)
+
+            # 只为子类自己定义的新关系调用关系设置
+            if child_own_relationships:
+                cls._setup_relationships(only_these=child_own_relationships)
+
+            # 强制调用 DeclarativeMeta.__init__
+            DeclarativeMeta.__init__(cls, classname, bases, dict_, **kw)
+        else:
+            # 非联表继承：单表继承或正常 Pydantic 模型
+            ModelMetaclass.__init__(cls, classname, bases, dict_, **kw)
+
+    def _setup_relationships(cls, only_these: set[str] | None = None) -> None:
+        """
+        设置 SQLAlchemy 关系字段（从 SQLModel 源码复制）
+
+        Args:
+            only_these: 如果提供，只设置这些关系（用于 joined table inheritance 子类）
+                       如果为 None，设置所有关系（默认行为）
+        """
+        from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, Mapped
+        from sqlalchemy import inspect
+        from sqlmodel.main import get_relationship_to
+        from typing import get_origin
+
+        for rel_name, rel_info in cls.__sqlmodel_relationships__.items():
+            # 如果指定了 only_these，只设置这些关系
+            if only_these is not None and rel_name not in only_these:
+                continue
+            if rel_info.sa_relationship:
+                setattr(cls, rel_name, rel_info.sa_relationship)
+                continue
+
+            raw_ann = cls.__annotations__[rel_name]
+            origin: typing.Any = get_origin(raw_ann)
+            if origin is Mapped:
+                ann = raw_ann.__args__[0]
+            else:
+                ann = raw_ann
+                cls.__annotations__[rel_name] = Mapped[ann]
+
+            relationship_to = get_relationship_to(
+                name=rel_name, rel_info=rel_info, annotation=ann
+            )
+            rel_kwargs: dict[str, typing.Any] = {}
+            if rel_info.back_populates:
+                rel_kwargs["back_populates"] = rel_info.back_populates
+            if rel_info.cascade_delete:
+                rel_kwargs["cascade"] = "all, delete-orphan"
+            if rel_info.passive_deletes:
+                rel_kwargs["passive_deletes"] = rel_info.passive_deletes
+            if rel_info.link_model:
+                ins = inspect(rel_info.link_model)
+                local_table = getattr(ins, "local_table")
+                if local_table is None:
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        f"Couldn't find secondary table for {rel_info.link_model}"
+                    )
+                rel_kwargs["secondary"] = local_table
+
+            rel_args: list[typing.Any] = []
+            if rel_info.sa_relationship_args:
+                rel_args.extend(rel_info.sa_relationship_args)
+            if rel_info.sa_relationship_kwargs:
+                rel_kwargs.update(rel_info.sa_relationship_kwargs)
+
+            rel_value = relationship(relationship_to, *rel_args, **rel_kwargs)
+            setattr(cls, rel_name, rel_value)
+
+
+class SQLModelBase(SQLModel, metaclass=__DeclarativeMeta):
+    """此类必须和TableBase系列类搭配使用"""
 
-class SQLModelBase(SQLModel):
     model_config = ConfigDict(use_attribute_docstrings=True, validate_by_name=True)

models/base/table_base.py

@@ -1,203 +0,0 @@
-import uuid
-from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Union, List, TypeVar, Type, Literal, override, Optional
-
-from fastapi import HTTPException
-from sqlalchemy import DateTime, BinaryExpression, ClauseElement
-from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
-from sqlmodel import Field, select, Relationship
-from sqlmodel.ext.asyncio.session import AsyncSession
-from sqlalchemy.sql._typing import _OnClauseArgument
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncAttrs
-
-from .sqlmodel_base import SQLModelBase
-
-T = TypeVar("T", bound="TableBase")
-M = TypeVar("M", bound="SQLModel")
-
-now = lambda: datetime.now()
-now_date = lambda: datetime.now().date()
-
-class TableBase(SQLModelBase, AsyncAttrs):
-    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
-
-    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=now)
-    updated_at: datetime = Field(
-        sa_type=DateTime,
-        sa_column_kwargs={"default": now, "onupdate": now},
-        default_factory=now
-    )
-
-    @classmethod
-    async def add(cls: Type[T], session: AsyncSession, instances: T | list[T], refresh: bool = True) -> T | List[T]:
-        """
-        新增一条记录
-        :param session: 数据库会话
-        :param instances:
-        :param refresh:
-        :return: 新增的实例对象
-
-        usage:
-        item1 = Item(...)
-        item2 = Item(...)
-
-        Item.add(session, [item1, item2])
-
-        item1_id = item1.id
-        """
-        is_list = False
-        if isinstance(instances, list):
-            is_list = True
-            session.add_all(instances)
-        else:
-            session.add(instances)
-
-        await session.commit()
-
-        if refresh:
-            if is_list:
-                for instance in instances:
-                    await session.refresh(instance)
-            else:
-                await session.refresh(instances)
-
-        return instances
-
-    async def save(self: T, session: AsyncSession, load: Optional[Relationship] = None) -> T:
-        session.add(self)
-        await session.commit()
-
-        if load is not None:
-            cls = type(self)
-            return await cls.get(session, cls.id == self.id, load=load)
-        else:
-            await session.refresh(self)
-            return self
-
-    async def update(
-            self: T,
-            session: AsyncSession,
-            other: M,
-            extra_data: dict = None,
-            exclude_unset: bool = True
-    ) -> T:
-        """
-        更新记录
-        :param session: 数据库会话
-        :param other:
-        :param extra_data:
-        :param exclude_unset:
-        :return:
-        """
-        self.sqlmodel_update(other.model_dump(exclude_unset=exclude_unset), update=extra_data)
-
-        session.add(self)
-
-        await session.commit()
-        await session.refresh(self)
-
-        return self
-
-    @classmethod
-    async def delete(cls: Type[T], session: AsyncSession, instances: T | list[T]) -> None:
-        """
-        删除一些记录
-        :param session: 数据库会话
-        :param instances:
-        :return: None
-
-        usage:
-        item1 = Item.get(...)
-        item2 = Item.get(...)
-
-        Item.delete(session, [item1, item2])
-
-        """
-        if isinstance(instances, list):
-            for instance in instances:
-                await session.delete(instance)
-        else:
-            await session.delete(instances)
-
-        await session.commit()
-
-    @classmethod
-    async def get(
-            cls: Type[T],
-            session: AsyncSession,
-            condition: BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None,
-            *,
-            offset: int | None = None,
-            limit: int | None = None,
-            fetch_mode: Literal["one", "first", "all"] = "first",
-            join: Type[T] | tuple[Type[T], _OnClauseArgument] | None = None,
-            options: list | None = None,
-            load: Union[Relationship, None] = None,
-            order_by: list[ClauseElement] | None = None
-    ) -> T | List[T] | None:
-        """
-        异步获取模型实例
-
-        参数:
-            session: 异步数据库会话
-            condition: SQLAlchemy查询条件，如Model.id == 1
-            offset: 结果偏移量
-            limit: 结果数量限制
-            options: 查询选项，如selectinload(Model.relation)，异步访问关系属性必备，不然会报错
-            fetch_mode: 获取模式 - "one"/"all"/"first"
-            join: 要联接的模型类
-
-        返回:
-            根据fetch_mode返回相应的查询结果
-        """
-        statement = select(cls)
-
-        if condition is not None:
-            statement = statement.where(condition)
-
-        if join is not None:
-            statement = statement.join(*join)
-
-        if options:
-            statement = statement.options(*options)
-
-        if load:
-            statement = statement.options(selectinload(load))
-
-        if order_by is not None:
-            statement = statement.order_by(*order_by)
-
-        if offset:
-            statement = statement.offset(offset)
-
-        if limit:
-            statement = statement.limit(limit)
-
-        result = await session.exec(statement)
-
-        if fetch_mode == "one":
-            return result.one()
-        elif fetch_mode == "first":
-            return result.first()
-        elif fetch_mode == "all":
-            return list(result.all())
-        else:
-            raise ValueError(f"无效的 fetch_mode: {fetch_mode}")
-
-    @classmethod
-    async def get_exist_one(cls: Type[T], session: AsyncSession, id: int, load: Union[Relationship, None] = None) -> T:
-        """此方法和 await session.get(cls, 主键)的区别就是当不存在时不返回None，
-        而是会抛出fastapi 404 异常"""
-        instance = await cls.get(session, cls.id == id, load=load)
-        if not instance:
-            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Not found")
-        return instance
-
-class UUIDTableBase(TableBase):
-    id: uuid.UUID = Field(default_factory=uuid.uuid4, primary_key=True)
-    """override"""
-
-    @classmethod
-    @override
-    async def get_exist_one(cls: type[T], session: AsyncSession, id: uuid.UUID, load: Union[Relationship, None] = None) -> T:
-        return await super().get_exist_one(session, id, load)  # type: ignore

models/download.py

@@ -1,46 +1,176 @@
-from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+from enum import StrEnum
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from uuid import UUID
 
-from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, UniqueConstraint
+from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, UniqueConstraint, Index
+
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin, TableBaseMixin
+
+
+class DownloadStatus(StrEnum):
+    """下载状态枚举"""
+    RUNNING = "running"
+    """进行中"""
+    COMPLETED = "completed"
+    """已完成"""
+    ERROR = "error"
+    """错误"""
+
+
+class DownloadType(StrEnum):
+    """下载类型枚举"""
+    # [TODO] 补充具体下载类型
+    pass
 
-from .base import SQLModelBase, UUIDTableBase
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
     from .task import Task
     from .node import Node
 
+
+# ==================== Aria2 信息模型 ====================
+
+class DownloadAria2InfoBase(SQLModelBase):
+    """Aria2下载信息基础模型"""
+
+    info_hash: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=40)
+    """InfoHash（BT种子）"""
+
+    piece_length: int = 0
+    """分片大小"""
+
+    num_pieces: int = 0
+    """分片数量"""
+
+    num_seeders: int = 0
+    """做种人数"""
+
+    connections: int = 0
+    """连接数"""
+
+    upload_speed: int = 0
+    """上传速度（bytes/s）"""
+
+    upload_length: int = 0
+    """已上传大小（字节）"""
+
+    error_code: str | None = None
+    """错误代码"""
+
+    error_message: str | None = None
+    """错误信息"""
+
+
+class DownloadAria2Info(DownloadAria2InfoBase, SQLModelBase, table=True):
+    """Aria2下载信息模型（与Download一对一关联）"""
+
+    download_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="download.id", primary_key=True)
+    """关联的下载任务UUID"""
+
+    # 反向关系
+    download: "Download" = Relationship(back_populates="aria2_info")
+    """关联的下载任务"""
+
+
+class DownloadAria2File(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
+    """Aria2下载文件列表（与Download一对多关联）"""
+
+    download_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="download.id", index=True)
+    """关联的下载任务UUID"""
+
+    file_index: int = Field(ge=1)
+    """文件索引（从1开始）"""
+
+    path: str
+    """文件路径"""
+
+    length: int = 0
+    """文件大小（字节）"""
+
+    completed_length: int = 0
+    """已完成大小（字节）"""
+
+    is_selected: bool = True
+    """是否选中下载"""
+
+    # 反向关系
+    download: "Download" = Relationship(back_populates="aria2_files")
+    """关联的下载任务"""
+
+
+# ==================== 主模型 ====================
+
 class DownloadBase(SQLModelBase):
     pass
 
-class Download(DownloadBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
+class Download(DownloadBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin):
     """离线下载任务模型"""
 
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint("node_id", "g_id", name="uq_download_node_gid"),
+        Index("ix_download_status", "status"),
+        Index("ix_download_user_status", "user_id", "status"),
     )
 
-    status: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="下载状态: 0=进行中, 1=完成, 2=错误")
+    status: DownloadStatus = Field(default=DownloadStatus.RUNNING, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "'running'"})
-    type: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="任务类型")
+    """下载状态"""
-    source: str = Field(description="来源URL或标识")
+
-    total_size: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="总大小（字节）")
+    type: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
-    downloaded_size: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="已下载大小（字节）")
+    """任务类型 [TODO] 待定义枚举"""
-    g_id: str | None = Field(default=None, index=True, description="Aria2 GID")
+
-    speed: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="下载速度 (bytes/s)")
+    source: str
-    parent: str | None = Field(default=None, description="父任务标识")
+    """来源URL或标识"""
-    attrs: str | None = Field(default=None, description="额外属性 (JSON格式)")
+
-    # attrs 示例: {"gid":"65c5faf38374cc63","status":"removed","totalLength":"0","completedLength":"0","uploadLength":"0","bitfield":"","downloadSpeed":"0","uploadSpeed":"0","infoHash":"ca159db2b1e78f6e95fd972be72251f967f639d4","numSeeders":"0","seeder":"","pieceLength":"16384","numPieces":"0","connections":"0","errorCode":"31","errorMessage":"","followedBy":null,"belongsTo":"","dir":"/data/ccaaDown/aria2/7a208304-9126-46d2-ba47-a6959f236a07","files":[{"index":"1","path":"[METADATA]zh-cn_windows_11_consumer_editions_version_21h2_updated_aug_2022_x64_dvd_a29983d5.iso","length":"0","completedLength":"0","selected":"true","uris":[]}],"bittorrent":{"announceList":[["udp://tracker.opentrackr.org:1337/announce"],["udp://9.rarbg.com:2810/announce"],["udp://tracker.openbittorrent.com:6969/announce"],["https://opentracker.i2p.rocks:443/announce"],["http://tracker.openbittorrent.com:80/announce"],["udp://open.stealth.si:80/announce"],["udp://tracker.torrent.eu.org:451/announce"],["udp://exodus.desync.com:6969/announce"],["udp://tracker.tiny-vps.com:6969/announce"],["udp://tracker.pomf.se:80/announce"],["udp://tracker.moeking.me:6969/announce"],["udp://tracker.dler.org:6969/announce"],["udp://open.demonii.com:1337/announce"],["udp://explodie.org:6969/announce"],["udp://chouchou.top:8080/announce"],["udp://bt.oiyo.tk:6969/announce"],["https://tracker.nanoha.org:443/announce"],["https://tracker.lilithraws.org:443/announce"],["http://tracker3.ctix.cn:8080/announce"],["http://tracker.nucozer-tracker.ml:2710/announce"]],"comment":"","creationDate":0,"mode":"","info":{"name":""}}}
+    total_size: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
-    error: str | None = Field(default=None, description="错误信息")
+    """总大小（字节）"""
-    dst: str = Field(description="目标存储路径")
+
+    downloaded_size: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
+    """已下载大小（字节）"""
+
+    g_id: str | None = Field(default=None, index=True)
+    """Aria2 GID"""
+
+    speed: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
+    """下载速度（bytes/s）"""
+
+    parent: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    """父任务标识"""
+
+    error: str | None = Field(default=None)
+    """错误信息"""
+
+    dst: str
+    """目标存储路径"""
 
     # 外键
-    user_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="user.id", index=True, description="所属用户UUID")
+    user_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="user.id", index=True)
-    task_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="task.id", index=True, description="关联的任务ID")
+    """所属用户UUID"""
-    node_id: int = Field(foreign_key="node.id", index=True, description="执行下载的节点ID")
+
+    task_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="task.id", index=True)
+    """关联的任务ID"""
+
+    node_id: int = Field(foreign_key="node.id", index=True)
+    """执行下载的节点ID"""
 
     # 关系
+    aria2_info: DownloadAria2Info | None = Relationship(
+        back_populates="download",
+        sa_relationship_kwargs={"uselist": False},
+    )
+    """Aria2下载信息"""
+
+    aria2_files: list[DownloadAria2File] = Relationship(back_populates="download")
+    """Aria2文件列表"""
+
     user: "User" = Relationship(back_populates="downloads")
-    task: Optional["Task"] = Relationship(back_populates="downloads")
+    """所属用户"""
+
+    task: "Task" = Relationship(back_populates="downloads")
+    """关联的任务"""
+
     node: "Node" = Relationship(back_populates="downloads")
+    """执行下载的节点"""
     
     

models/group.py

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ from uuid import UUID
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, text
 
-from .base import TableBase, SQLModelBase, UUIDTableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ class GroupResponse(GroupBase, GroupOptionsBase):
 from .policy import GroupPolicyLink
 
 
-class GroupOptions(GroupOptionsBase, TableBase, table=True):
+class GroupOptions(GroupOptionsBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """用户组选项模型"""
 
     group_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="group.id", unique=True)
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ class GroupOptions(GroupOptionsBase, TableBase, table=True):
     group: "Group" = Relationship(back_populates="options")
 
 
-class Group(GroupBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
+class Group(GroupBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin):
     """用户组模型"""
 
     name: str = Field(max_length=255, unique=True)
@@ -134,14 +135,17 @@ class Group(GroupBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
     )
 
     # 关系：一个组可以有多个用户
-    user: list["User"] = Relationship(
+    users: list["User"] = Relationship(
         back_populates="group",
         sa_relationship_kwargs={"foreign_keys": "User.group_id"}
     )
-    previous_user: list["User"] = Relationship(
+    """当前属于该组的用户列表"""
+
+    previous_users: list["User"] = Relationship(
         back_populates="previous_group",
         sa_relationship_kwargs={"foreign_keys": "User.previous_group_id"}
     )
+    """之前属于该组的用户列表（用于过期后恢复）"""
 
     def to_response(self) -> "GroupResponse":
         """转换为响应 DTO"""

models/mixin/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,543 @@
+# SQLModel Mixin Module
+
+This module provides composable Mixin classes for SQLModel entities, enabling reusable functionality such as CRUD operations, polymorphic inheritance, JWT authentication, and standardized response DTOs.
+
+## Module Overview
+
+The `sqlmodels.mixin` module contains various Mixin classes that follow the "Composition over Inheritance" design philosophy. These mixins provide:
+
+- **CRUD Operations**: Async database operations (add, save, update, delete, get, count)
+- **Polymorphic Inheritance**: Tools for joined table inheritance patterns
+- **JWT Authentication**: Token generation and validation
+- **Pagination & Sorting**: Standardized table view parameters
+- **Response DTOs**: Consistent id/timestamp fields for API responses
+
+## Module Structure
+
+```
+sqlmodels/mixin/
+├── __init__.py          # Module exports
+├── polymorphic.py       # PolymorphicBaseMixin, create_subclass_id_mixin, AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin
+├── table.py             # TableBaseMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin, TableViewRequest
+├── info_response.py     # Response DTO Mixins (IntIdInfoMixin, UUIDIdInfoMixin, etc.)
+└── jwt/                 # JWT authentication
+    ├── __init__.py
+    ├── key.py           # JWTKey database model
+    ├── payload.py       # JWTPayloadBase
+    ├── manager.py       # JWTManager singleton
+    ├── auth.py          # JWTAuthMixin
+    ├── exceptions.py    # JWT-related exceptions
+    └── responses.py     # TokenResponse DTO
+```
+
+## Dependency Hierarchy
+
+The module has a strict import order to avoid circular dependencies:
+
+1. **polymorphic.py** - Only depends on `SQLModelBase`
+2. **table.py** - Depends on `polymorphic.py`
+3. **jwt/** - May depend on both `polymorphic.py` and `table.py`
+4. **info_response.py** - Only depends on `SQLModelBase`
+
+## Core Components
+
+### 1. TableBaseMixin
+
+Base mixin for database table models with integer primary keys.
+
+**Features:**
+- Provides CRUD methods: `add()`, `save()`, `update()`, `delete()`, `get()`, `count()`, `get_exist_one()`
+- Automatic timestamp management (`created_at`, `updated_at`)
+- Async relationship loading support (via `AsyncAttrs`)
+- Pagination and sorting via `TableViewRequest`
+- Polymorphic subclass loading support
+
+**Fields:**
+- `id: int | None` - Integer primary key (auto-increment)
+- `created_at: datetime` - Record creation timestamp
+- `updated_at: datetime` - Record update timestamp (auto-updated)
+
+**Usage:**
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import TableBaseMixin
+from sqlmodels.base import SQLModelBase
+
+class User(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    name: str
+    email: str
+    """User email"""
+
+# CRUD operations
+async def example(session: AsyncSession):
+    # Add
+    user = User(name="Alice", email="alice@example.com")
+    user = await user.save(session)
+
+    # Get
+    user = await User.get(session, User.id == 1)
+
+    # Update
+    update_data = UserUpdateRequest(name="Alice Smith")
+    user = await user.update(session, update_data)
+
+    # Delete
+    await User.delete(session, user)
+
+    # Count
+    count = await User.count(session, User.is_active == True)
+```
+
+**Important Notes:**
+- `save()` and `update()` return refreshed instances - **always use the return value**:
+  ```python
+  # ✅ Correct
+  device = await device.save(session)
+  return device
+
+  # ❌ Wrong - device is expired after commit
+  await device.save(session)
+  return device
+  ```
+
+### 2. UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+Extends `TableBaseMixin` with UUID primary keys instead of integers.
+
+**Differences from TableBaseMixin:**
+- `id: UUID` - UUID primary key (auto-generated via `uuid.uuid4()`)
+- `get_exist_one()` accepts `UUID` instead of `int`
+
+**Usage:**
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class Character(SQLModelBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
+    name: str
+    description: str | None = None
+    """Character description"""
+```
+
+**Recommendation:** Use `UUIDTableBaseMixin` for most new models, as UUIDs provide better scalability and avoid ID collisions.
+
+### 3. TableViewRequest
+
+Standardized pagination and sorting parameters for LIST endpoints.
+
+**Fields:**
+- `offset: int | None` - Skip first N records (default: 0)
+- `limit: int | None` - Return max N records (default: 50, max: 100)
+- `desc: bool | None` - Sort descending (default: True)
+- `order: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] | None` - Sort field (default: "created_at")
+
+**Usage with TableBaseMixin.get():**
+```python
+from dependencies import TableViewRequestDep
+
+@router.get("/list")
+async def list_characters(
+    session: SessionDep,
+    table_view: TableViewRequestDep
+) -> list[Character]:
+    """List characters with pagination and sorting"""
+    return await Character.get(
+        session,
+        fetch_mode="all",
+        table_view=table_view  # Automatically handles pagination and sorting
+    )
+```
+
+**Manual usage:**
+```python
+table_view = TableViewRequest(offset=0, limit=20, desc=True, order="created_at")
+characters = await Character.get(session, fetch_mode="all", table_view=table_view)
+```
+
+**Backward Compatibility:**
+The traditional `offset`, `limit`, `order_by` parameters still work, but `table_view` is recommended for new code.
+
+### 4. PolymorphicBaseMixin
+
+Base mixin for joined table inheritance, automatically configuring polymorphic settings.
+
+**Automatic Configuration:**
+- Defines `_polymorphic_name: str` field (indexed)
+- Sets `polymorphic_on='_polymorphic_name'`
+- Detects abstract classes (via ABC and abstract methods) and sets `polymorphic_abstract=True`
+
+**Methods:**
+- `get_concrete_subclasses()` - Get all non-abstract subclasses (for `selectin_polymorphic`)
+- `get_polymorphic_discriminator()` - Get the polymorphic discriminator field name
+- `get_identity_to_class_map()` - Map `polymorphic_identity` to subclass types
+
+**Usage:**
+```python
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from sqlmodels.mixin import PolymorphicBaseMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class Tool(PolymorphicBaseMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin, ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for all tools"""
+    name: str
+    description: str
+    """Tool description"""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def execute(self, params: dict) -> dict:
+        """Execute the tool"""
+        pass
+```
+
+**Why Single Underscore Prefix?**
+- SQLAlchemy maps single-underscore fields to database columns
+- Pydantic treats them as private (excluded from serialization)
+- Double-underscore fields would be excluded by SQLAlchemy (not mapped to database)
+
+### 5. create_subclass_id_mixin()
+
+Factory function to create ID mixins for subclasses in joined table inheritance.
+
+**Purpose:** In joined table inheritance, subclasses need a foreign key pointing to the parent table's primary key. This function generates a mixin class providing that foreign key field.
+
+**Signature:**
+```python
+def create_subclass_id_mixin(parent_table_name: str) -> type[SQLModelBase]:
+    """
+    Args:
+        parent_table_name: Parent table name (e.g., 'asr', 'tts', 'tool', 'function')
+
+    Returns:
+        A mixin class containing id field (foreign key + primary key)
+    """
+```
+
+**Usage:**
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import create_subclass_id_mixin
+
+# Create mixin for ASR subclasses
+ASRSubclassIdMixin = create_subclass_id_mixin('asr')
+
+class FunASR(ASRSubclassIdMixin, ASR, AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin, table=True):
+    """FunASR implementation"""
+    pass
+```
+
+**Important:** The ID mixin **must be first in the inheritance list** to ensure MRO (Method Resolution Order) correctly overrides the parent's `id` field.
+
+### 6. AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin
+
+Automatically generates `polymorphic_identity` based on class name.
+
+**Naming Convention:**
+- Format: `{parent_identity}.{classname_lowercase}`
+- If no parent identity exists, uses `{classname_lowercase}`
+
+**Usage:**
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin
+
+class Function(Tool, AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin, polymorphic_abstract=True):
+    """Base class for function-type tools"""
+    pass
+    # polymorphic_identity = 'function'
+
+class GetWeatherFunction(Function, table=True):
+    """Weather query function"""
+    pass
+    # polymorphic_identity = 'function.getweatherfunction'
+```
+
+**Manual Override:**
+```python
+class CustomTool(
+    Tool,
+    AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin,
+    polymorphic_identity='custom_name',  # Override auto-generated name
+    table=True
+):
+    pass
+```
+
+### 7. JWTAuthMixin
+
+Provides JWT token generation and validation for entity classes (User, Client).
+
+**Methods:**
+- `async issue_jwt(session: AsyncSession) -> str` - Generate JWT token for current instance
+- `@classmethod async from_jwt(session: AsyncSession, token: str) -> Self` - Validate token and retrieve entity
+
+**Requirements:**
+Subclasses must define:
+- `JWTPayload` - Payload model (inherits from `JWTPayloadBase`)
+- `jwt_key_purpose` - ClassVar specifying the JWT key purpose enum value
+
+**Usage:**
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import JWTAuthMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin
+
+class User(SQLModelBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin, JWTAuthMixin, table=True):
+    JWTPayload = UserJWTPayload  # Define payload model
+    jwt_key_purpose: ClassVar[JWTKeyPurposeEnum] = JWTKeyPurposeEnum.user
+
+    email: str
+    is_admin: bool = False
+    is_active: bool = True
+    """User active status"""
+
+# Generate token
+async def login(session: AsyncSession, user: User) -> str:
+    token = await user.issue_jwt(session)
+    return token
+
+# Validate token
+async def verify(session: AsyncSession, token: str) -> User:
+    user = await User.from_jwt(session, token)
+    return user
+```
+
+### 8. Response DTO Mixins
+
+Mixins for standardized InfoResponse DTOs, defining id and timestamp fields.
+
+**Available Mixins:**
+- `IntIdInfoMixin` - Integer ID field
+- `UUIDIdInfoMixin` - UUID ID field
+- `DatetimeInfoMixin` - `created_at` and `updated_at` fields
+- `IntIdDatetimeInfoMixin` - Integer ID + timestamps
+- `UUIDIdDatetimeInfoMixin` - UUID ID + timestamps
+
+**Design Note:** These fields are non-nullable in DTOs because database records always have these values when returned.
+
+**Usage:**
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDIdDatetimeInfoMixin
+
+class CharacterInfoResponse(CharacterBase, UUIDIdDatetimeInfoMixin):
+    """Character response DTO with id and timestamps"""
+    pass  # Inherits id, created_at, updated_at from mixin
+```
+
+## Complete Joined Table Inheritance Example
+
+Here's a complete example demonstrating polymorphic inheritance:
+
+```python
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from sqlmodels.base import SQLModelBase
+from sqlmodels.mixin import (
+    UUIDTableBaseMixin,
+    PolymorphicBaseMixin,
+    create_subclass_id_mixin,
+    AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin,
+)
+
+# 1. Define Base class (fields only, no table)
+class ASRBase(SQLModelBase):
+    name: str
+    """Configuration name"""
+
+    base_url: str
+    """Service URL"""
+
+# 2. Define abstract parent class (with table)
+class ASR(ASRBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin, PolymorphicBaseMixin, ABC):
+    """Abstract base class for ASR configurations"""
+    # PolymorphicBaseMixin automatically provides:
+    # - _polymorphic_name field
+    # - polymorphic_on='_polymorphic_name'
+    # - polymorphic_abstract=True (when ABC with abstract methods)
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def transcribe(self, pcm_data: bytes) -> str:
+        """Transcribe audio to text"""
+        pass
+
+# 3. Create ID Mixin for second-level subclasses
+ASRSubclassIdMixin = create_subclass_id_mixin('asr')
+
+# 4. Create second-level abstract class (if needed)
+class FunASR(
+    ASRSubclassIdMixin,
+    ASR,
+    AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin,
+    polymorphic_abstract=True
+):
+    """FunASR abstract base (may have multiple implementations)"""
+    pass
+    # polymorphic_identity = 'funasr'
+
+# 5. Create concrete implementation classes
+class FunASRLocal(FunASR, table=True):
+    """FunASR local deployment"""
+    # polymorphic_identity = 'funasr.funasrlocal'
+
+    async def transcribe(self, pcm_data: bytes) -> str:
+        # Implementation...
+        return "transcribed text"
+
+# 6. Get all concrete subclasses (for selectin_polymorphic)
+concrete_asrs = ASR.get_concrete_subclasses()
+# Returns: [FunASRLocal, ...]
+```
+
+## Import Guidelines
+
+**Standard Import:**
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import (
+    TableBaseMixin,
+    UUIDTableBaseMixin,
+    PolymorphicBaseMixin,
+    TableViewRequest,
+    create_subclass_id_mixin,
+    AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin,
+    JWTAuthMixin,
+    UUIDIdDatetimeInfoMixin,
+    now,
+    now_date,
+)
+```
+
+**Backward Compatibility:**
+Some exports are also available from `sqlmodels.base` for backward compatibility:
+```python
+# Legacy import path (still works)
+from sqlmodels.base import UUIDTableBase, TableViewRequest
+
+# Recommended new import path
+from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin, TableViewRequest
+```
+
+## Best Practices
+
+### 1. Mixin Order Matters
+
+**Correct Order:**
+```python
+# ✅ ID Mixin first, then parent, then AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin
+class SubTool(ToolSubclassIdMixin, Tool, AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin, table=True):
+    pass
+```
+
+**Wrong Order:**
+```python
+# ❌ ID Mixin not first - won't override parent's id field
+class SubTool(Tool, ToolSubclassIdMixin, AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin, table=True):
+    pass
+```
+
+### 2. Always Use Return Values from save() and update()
+
+```python
+# ✅ Correct - use returned instance
+device = await device.save(session)
+return device
+
+# ❌ Wrong - device is expired after commit
+await device.save(session)
+return device  # AttributeError when accessing fields
+```
+
+### 3. Prefer table_view Over Manual Pagination
+
+```python
+# ✅ Recommended - consistent across all endpoints
+characters = await Character.get(
+    session,
+    fetch_mode="all",
+    table_view=table_view
+)
+
+# ⚠️ Works but not recommended - manual parameter management
+characters = await Character.get(
+    session,
+    fetch_mode="all",
+    offset=0,
+    limit=20,
+    order_by=[desc(Character.created_at)]
+)
+```
+
+### 4. Polymorphic Loading for Many Subclasses
+
+```python
+# When loading relationships with > 10 polymorphic subclasses, use load_polymorphic='all'
+tool_set = await ToolSet.get(
+    session,
+    ToolSet.id == tool_set_id,
+    load=ToolSet.tools,
+    load_polymorphic='all'  # Two-phase query - only loads actual related subclasses
+)
+
+# For fewer subclasses, specify the list explicitly
+tool_set = await ToolSet.get(
+    session,
+    ToolSet.id == tool_set_id,
+    load=ToolSet.tools,
+    load_polymorphic=[GetWeatherFunction, CodeInterpreterFunction]
+)
+```
+
+### 5. Response DTOs Should Inherit Base Classes
+
+```python
+# ✅ Correct - inherits from CharacterBase
+class CharacterInfoResponse(CharacterBase, UUIDIdDatetimeInfoMixin):
+    pass
+
+# ❌ Wrong - doesn't inherit from CharacterBase
+class CharacterInfoResponse(SQLModelBase, UUIDIdDatetimeInfoMixin):
+    name: str  # Duplicated field definition
+    description: str | None = None
+```
+
+**Reason:** Inheriting from Base classes ensures:
+- Type checking via `isinstance(obj, XxxBase)`
+- Consistency across related DTOs
+- Future field additions automatically propagate
+
+### 6. Use Specific Types, Not Containers
+
+```python
+# ✅ Correct - specific DTO for config updates
+class GetWeatherFunctionUpdateRequest(GetWeatherFunctionConfigBase):
+    weather_api_key: str | None = None
+    default_location: str | None = None
+    """Default location"""
+
+# ❌ Wrong - lose type safety
+class ToolUpdateRequest(SQLModelBase):
+    config: dict[str, Any]  # No field validation
+```
+
+## Type Variables
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import T, M
+
+T = TypeVar("T", bound="TableBaseMixin")  # For CRUD methods
+M = TypeVar("M", bound="SQLModel")        # For update() method
+```
+
+## Utility Functions
+
+```python
+from sqlmodels.mixin import now, now_date
+
+# Lambda functions for default factories
+now = lambda: datetime.now()
+now_date = lambda: datetime.now().date()
+```
+
+## Related Modules
+
+- **sqlmodels.base** - Base classes (`SQLModelBase`, backward-compatible exports)
+- **dependencies** - FastAPI dependencies (`SessionDep`, `TableViewRequestDep`)
+- **sqlmodels.user** - User model with JWT authentication
+- **sqlmodels.client** - Client model with JWT authentication
+- **sqlmodels.character.llm.openai_compatibles.tools** - Polymorphic tool hierarchy
+
+## Additional Resources
+
+- `POLYMORPHIC_NAME_DESIGN.md` - Design rationale for `_polymorphic_name` field
+- `CLAUDE.md` - Project coding standards and design philosophy
+- SQLAlchemy Documentation - [Joined Table Inheritance](https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/orm/inheritance.html#joined-table-inheritance)

models/mixin/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""
+SQLModel Mixin模块
+
+提供各种Mixin类供SQLModel实体使用。
+
+包含：
+- polymorphic: 联表继承工具（create_subclass_id_mixin, AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin, PolymorphicBaseMixin）
+- table: 表基类（TableBaseMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin）
+- table: 查询参数类（TimeFilterRequest, PaginationRequest, TableViewRequest）
+- jwt/: JWT认证相关（JWTAuthMixin, JWTManager, JWTKey等）- 需要时直接从 .jwt 导入
+- info_response: InfoResponse DTO的id/时间戳Mixin
+
+导入顺序很重要，避免循环导入：
+1. polymorphic（只依赖 SQLModelBase）
+2. table（依赖 polymorphic）
+
+注意：jwt 模块不在此处导入，因为 jwt/manager.py 导入 ServerConfig，
+而 ServerConfig 导入本模块，会形成循环。需要 jwt 功能时请直接从 .jwt 导入。
+"""
+# polymorphic 必须先导入
+from .polymorphic import (
+    create_subclass_id_mixin,
+    AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin,
+    PolymorphicBaseMixin,
+)
+# table 依赖 polymorphic
+from .table import (
+    TableBaseMixin,
+    UUIDTableBaseMixin,
+    TimeFilterRequest,
+    PaginationRequest,
+    TableViewRequest,
+    ListResponse,
+    T,
+    now,
+    now_date,
+)
+# jwt 不在此处导入（避免循环：jwt/manager.py → ServerConfig → mixin → jwt）
+# 需要时直接从 sqlmodels.mixin.jwt 导入
+from .info_response import (
+    IntIdInfoMixin,
+    UUIDIdInfoMixin,
+    DatetimeInfoMixin,
+    IntIdDatetimeInfoMixin,
+    UUIDIdDatetimeInfoMixin,
+)

models/mixin/info_response.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""
+InfoResponse DTO Mixin模块
+
+提供用于InfoResponse类型DTO的Mixin，统一定义id/created_at/updated_at字段。
+
+设计说明：
+- 这些Mixin用于**响应DTO**，不是数据库表
+- 从数据库返回时这些字段永远不为空，所以定义为必填字段
+- TableBase中的id=None和default_factory=now是正确的（入库前为None，数据库生成）
+- 这些Mixin让DTO明确表示"返回给客户端时这些字段必定有值"
+"""
+from datetime import datetime
+from uuid import UUID
+
+from models.base import SQLModelBase
+
+
+class IntIdInfoMixin(SQLModelBase):
+    """整数ID响应mixin - 用于InfoResponse DTO"""
+    id: int
+    """记录ID"""
+
+
+class UUIDIdInfoMixin(SQLModelBase):
+    """UUID ID响应mixin - 用于InfoResponse DTO"""
+    id: UUID
+    """记录ID"""
+
+
+class DatetimeInfoMixin(SQLModelBase):
+    """时间戳响应mixin - 用于InfoResponse DTO"""
+    created_at: datetime
+    """创建时间"""
+
+    updated_at: datetime
+    """更新时间"""
+
+
+class IntIdDatetimeInfoMixin(IntIdInfoMixin, DatetimeInfoMixin):
+    """整数ID + 时间戳响应mixin"""
+    pass
+
+
+class UUIDIdDatetimeInfoMixin(UUIDIdInfoMixin, DatetimeInfoMixin):
+    """UUID ID + 时间戳响应mixin"""
+    pass

models/mixin/polymorphic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+"""
+联表继承（Joined Table Inheritance）的通用工具
+
+提供用于简化SQLModel多态表设计的辅助函数和Mixin。
+
+Usage Example:
+
+    from sqlmodels.base import SQLModelBase
+    from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+    from sqlmodels.mixin.polymorphic import (
+        PolymorphicBaseMixin,
+        create_subclass_id_mixin,
+        AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin
+    )
+
+    # 1. 定义Base类（只有字段，无表）
+    class ASRBase(SQLModelBase):
+        name: str
+        \"\"\"配置名称\"\"\"
+
+        base_url: str
+        \"\"\"服务地址\"\"\"
+
+    # 2. 定义抽象父类（有表），使用 PolymorphicBaseMixin
+    class ASR(
+        ASRBase,
+        UUIDTableBaseMixin,
+        PolymorphicBaseMixin,
+        ABC
+    ):
+        \"\"\"ASR配置的抽象基类\"\"\"
+        # PolymorphicBaseMixin 自动提供:
+        # - _polymorphic_name 字段
+        # - polymorphic_on='_polymorphic_name'
+        # - polymorphic_abstract=True（当有抽象方法时）
+
+    # 3. 为第二层子类创建ID Mixin
+    ASRSubclassIdMixin = create_subclass_id_mixin('asr')
+
+    # 4. 创建第二层抽象类（如果需要）
+    class FunASR(
+        ASRSubclassIdMixin,
+        ASR,
+        AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin,
+        polymorphic_abstract=True
+    ):
+        \"\"\"FunASR的抽象基类，可能有多个实现\"\"\"
+        pass
+
+    # 5. 创建具体实现类
+    class FunASRLocal(FunASR, table=True):
+        \"\"\"FunASR本地部署版本\"\"\"
+        # polymorphic_identity 会自动设置为 'asr.funasrlocal'
+        pass
+
+    # 6. 获取所有具体子类（用于 selectin_polymorphic）
+    concrete_asrs = ASR.get_concrete_subclasses()
+    # 返回 [FunASRLocal, ...]
+"""
+import uuid
+from abc import ABC
+from uuid import UUID
+
+from pydantic.fields import FieldInfo
+from pydantic_core import PydanticUndefined
+from sqlalchemy import String, inspect
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+from sqlalchemy.orm.attributes import InstrumentedAttribute
+from sqlmodel import Field
+
+from models.base.sqlmodel_base import SQLModelBase
+
+
+def create_subclass_id_mixin(parent_table_name: str) -> type['SQLModelBase']:
+    """
+    动态创建SubclassIdMixin类
+
+    在联表继承中，子类需要一个外键指向父表的主键。
+    此函数生成一个Mixin类，提供这个外键字段，并自动生成UUID。
+
+    Args:
+        parent_table_name: 父表名称（如'asr', 'tts', 'tool', 'function'）
+
+    Returns:
+        一个Mixin类，包含id字段（外键 + 主键 + default_factory=uuid.uuid4）
+
+    Example:
+        >>> ASRSubclassIdMixin = create_subclass_id_mixin('asr')
+        >>> class FunASR(ASRSubclassIdMixin, ASR, table=True):
+        ...     pass
+
+    Note:
+        - 生成的Mixin应该放在继承列表的第一位，确保通过MRO覆盖UUIDTableBaseMixin的id
+        - 生成的类名为 {ParentTableName}SubclassIdMixin（PascalCase）
+        - 本项目所有联表继承均使用UUID主键（UUIDTableBaseMixin）
+    """
+    if not parent_table_name:
+        raise ValueError("parent_table_name 不能为空")
+
+    # 转换为PascalCase作为类名
+    class_name_parts = parent_table_name.split('_')
+    class_name = ''.join(part.capitalize() for part in class_name_parts) + 'SubclassIdMixin'
+
+    # 使用闭包捕获parent_table_name
+    _parent_table_name = parent_table_name
+
+    # 创建带有__init_subclass__的mixin类，用于在子类定义后修复model_fields
+    class SubclassIdMixin(SQLModelBase):
+        # 定义id字段
+        id: UUID = Field(
+            default_factory=uuid.uuid4,
+            foreign_key=f'{_parent_table_name}.id',
+            primary_key=True,
+        )
+
+        @classmethod
+        def __pydantic_init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+            """
+            Pydantic v2 的子类初始化钩子，在模型完全构建后调用
+
+            修复联表继承中子类字段的default_factory丢失问题。
+            SQLAlchemy 的 InstrumentedAttribute 会污染从父类继承的字段，
+            导致 INSERT 语句中出现 `table.column` 引用而非实际值。
+
+            通过从 MRO 中查找父类的原始字段定义来获取正确的 default_factory，
+            遵循单一真相原则（不硬编码 default_factory）。
+
+            需要修复的字段：
+            - id: 主键（从父类获取 default_factory）
+            - created_at: 创建时间戳（从父类获取 default_factory）
+            - updated_at: 更新时间戳（从父类获取 default_factory）
+            """
+            super().__pydantic_init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+
+            if not hasattr(cls, 'model_fields'):
+                return
+
+            def find_original_field_info(field_name: str) -> FieldInfo | None:
+                """从 MRO 中查找字段的原始定义（未被 InstrumentedAttribute 污染的）"""
+                for base in cls.__mro__[1:]:  # 跳过自己
+                    if hasattr(base, 'model_fields') and field_name in base.model_fields:
+                        field_info = base.model_fields[field_name]
+                        # 跳过被 InstrumentedAttribute 污染的
+                        if not isinstance(field_info.default, InstrumentedAttribute):
+                            return field_info
+                return None
+
+            # 动态检测所有需要修复的字段
+            # 遵循单一真相原则：不硬编码字段列表，而是通过以下条件判断：
+            # 1. default 是 InstrumentedAttribute（被 SQLAlchemy 污染）
+            # 2. 原始定义有 default_factory 或明确的 default 值
+            #
+            # 覆盖场景：
+            # - UUID主键（UUIDTableBaseMixin）：id 有 default_factory=uuid.uuid4，需要修复
+            # - int主键（TableBaseMixin）：id 用 default=None，不需要修复（数据库自增）
+            # - created_at/updated_at：有 default_factory=now，需要修复
+            # - 外键字段（created_by_id等）：有 default=None，需要修复
+            # - 普通字段（name, temperature等）：无 default_factory，不需要修复
+            #
+            # MRO 查找保证：
+            # - 在多重继承场景下，MRO 顺序是确定性的
+            # - find_original_field_info 会找到第一个未被污染且有该字段的父类
+            for field_name, current_field in cls.model_fields.items():
+                # 检查是否被污染（default 是 InstrumentedAttribute）
+                if not isinstance(current_field.default, InstrumentedAttribute):
+                    continue  # 未被污染，跳过
+
+                # 从父类查找原始定义
+                original = find_original_field_info(field_name)
+                if original is None:
+                    continue  # 找不到原始定义，跳过
+
+                # 根据原始定义的 default/default_factory 来修复
+                if original.default_factory:
+                    # 有 default_factory（如 uuid.uuid4, now）
+                    new_field = FieldInfo(
+                        default_factory=original.default_factory,
+                        annotation=current_field.annotation,
+                        json_schema_extra=current_field.json_schema_extra,
+                    )
+                elif original.default is not PydanticUndefined:
+                    # 有明确的 default 值（如 None, 0, ""），且不是 PydanticUndefined
+                    # PydanticUndefined 表示字段没有默认值（必填）
+                    new_field = FieldInfo(
+                        default=original.default,
+                        annotation=current_field.annotation,
+                        json_schema_extra=current_field.json_schema_extra,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    continue  # 既没有 default_factory 也没有有效的 default，跳过
+
+                # 复制SQLModel特有的属性
+                if hasattr(current_field, 'foreign_key'):
+                    new_field.foreign_key = current_field.foreign_key
+                if hasattr(current_field, 'primary_key'):
+                    new_field.primary_key = current_field.primary_key
+
+                cls.model_fields[field_name] = new_field
+
+    # 设置类名和文档
+    SubclassIdMixin.__name__ = class_name
+    SubclassIdMixin.__qualname__ = class_name
+    SubclassIdMixin.__doc__ = f"""
+    {parent_table_name}子类的ID Mixin
+
+    用于{parent_table_name}的子类，提供外键指向父表。
+    通过MRO确保此id字段覆盖继承的id字段。
+    """
+
+    return SubclassIdMixin
+
+
+class AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin:
+    """
+    自动生成polymorphic_identity的Mixin
+
+    使用此Mixin的类会自动根据类名生成polymorphic_identity。
+    格式：{parent_polymorphic_identity}.{classname_lowercase}
+
+    如果没有父类的polymorphic_identity，则直接使用类名小写。
+
+    Example:
+        >>> class Tool(UUIDTableBaseMixin, polymorphic_on='__polymorphic_name', polymorphic_abstract=True):
+        ...     __polymorphic_name: str
+        ...
+        >>> class Function(Tool, AutoPolymorphicIdentityMixin, polymorphic_abstract=True):
+        ...     pass
+        ...     # polymorphic_identity 会自动设置为 'function'
+        ...
+        >>> class CodeInterpreterFunction(Function, table=True):
+        ...     pass
+        ...     # polymorphic_identity 会自动设置为 'function.codeinterpreterfunction'
+
+    Note:
+        - 如果手动在__mapper_args__中指定了polymorphic_identity，会被保留
+        - 此Mixin应该在继承列表中靠后的位置（在表基类之前）
+    """
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, polymorphic_identity: str | None = None, **kwargs):
+        """
+        子类化钩子，自动生成polymorphic_identity
+
+        Args:
+            polymorphic_identity: 如果手动指定，则使用指定的值
+            **kwargs: 其他SQLModel参数（如table=True, polymorphic_abstract=True）
+        """
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+
+        # 如果手动指定了polymorphic_identity，使用指定的值
+        if polymorphic_identity is not None:
+            identity = polymorphic_identity
+        else:
+            # 自动生成polymorphic_identity
+            class_name = cls.__name__.lower()
+
+            # 尝试从父类获取polymorphic_identity作为前缀
+            parent_identity = None
+            for base in cls.__mro__[1:]:  # 跳过自己
+                if hasattr(base, '__mapper_args__') and isinstance(base.__mapper_args__, dict):
+                    parent_identity = base.__mapper_args__.get('polymorphic_identity')
+                    if parent_identity:
+                        break
+
+            # 构建identity
+            if parent_identity:
+                identity = f'{parent_identity}.{class_name}'
+            else:
+                identity = class_name
+
+        # 设置到__mapper_args__
+        if '__mapper_args__' not in cls.__dict__:
+            cls.__mapper_args__ = {}
+
+        # 只在尚未设置polymorphic_identity时设置
+        if 'polymorphic_identity' not in cls.__mapper_args__:
+            cls.__mapper_args__['polymorphic_identity'] = identity
+
+
+class PolymorphicBaseMixin:
+    """
+    为联表继承链中的基类自动配置 polymorphic 设置的 Mixin
+
+    此 Mixin 自动设置以下内容：
+    - `polymorphic_on='_polymorphic_name'`: 使用 _polymorphic_name 字段作为多态鉴别器
+    - `_polymorphic_name: str`: 定义多态鉴别器字段（带索引）
+    - `polymorphic_abstract=True`: 当类继承自 ABC 且有抽象方法时，自动标记为抽象类
+
+    使用场景：
+        适用于需要 joined table inheritance 的基类，例如 Tool、ASR、TTS 等。
+
+    用法示例：
+        ```python
+        from abc import ABC
+        from sqlmodels.mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
+        from sqlmodels.mixin.polymorphic import PolymorphicBaseMixin
+
+        # 定义基类
+        class MyTool(UUIDTableBaseMixin, PolymorphicBaseMixin, ABC):
+            __tablename__ = 'mytool'
+
+            # 不需要手动定义 _polymorphic_name
+            # 不需要手动设置 polymorphic_on
+            # 不需要手动设置 polymorphic_abstract
+
+        # 定义子类
+        class SpecificTool(MyTool):
+            __tablename__ = 'specifictool'
+
+            # 会自动继承 polymorphic 配置
+        ```
+
+    自动行为：
+        1. 定义 `_polymorphic_name: str` 字段（带索引）
+        2. 设置 `__mapper_args__['polymorphic_on'] = '_polymorphic_name'`
+        3. 自动检测抽象类：
+           - 如果类继承了 ABC 且有未实现的抽象方法，设置 polymorphic_abstract=True
+           - 否则设置为 False
+
+    手动覆盖：
+        可以在类定义时手动指定参数来覆盖自动行为：
+        ```python
+        class MyTool(
+            UUIDTableBaseMixin,
+            PolymorphicBaseMixin,
+            ABC,
+            polymorphic_on='custom_field',  # 覆盖默认的 _polymorphic_name
+            polymorphic_abstract=False       # 强制不设为抽象类
+        ):
+            pass
+        ```
+
+    注意事项：
+        - 此 Mixin 应该与 UUIDTableBaseMixin 或 TableBaseMixin 配合使用
+        - 适用于联表继承（joined table inheritance）场景
+        - 子类会自动继承 _polymorphic_name 字段定义
+        - 使用单下划线前缀是因为：
+          * SQLAlchemy 会映射单下划线字段为数据库列
+          * Pydantic 将其视为私有属性，不参与序列化
+          * 双下划线字段会被 SQLAlchemy 排除，不映射为数据库列
+    """
+
+    # 定义 _polymorphic_name 字段，所有使用此 mixin 的类都会有这个字段
+    #
+    # 设计选择：使用单下划线前缀 + Mapped[str] + mapped_column
+    #
+    # 为什么这样做：
+    # 1. 单下划线前缀表示"内部实现细节"，防止外部通过 API 直接修改
+    # 2. Mapped + mapped_column 绕过 Pydantic v2 的字段名限制（不允许下划线前缀）
+    # 3. 字段仍然被 SQLAlchemy 映射到数据库，供多态查询使用
+    # 4. 字段不出现在 Pydantic 序列化中（model_dump() 和 JSON schema）
+    # 5. 内部代码仍然可以正常访问和修改此字段
+    #
+    # 详细说明请参考：sqlmodels/base/POLYMORPHIC_NAME_DESIGN.md
+    _polymorphic_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String, index=True)
+    """
+    多态鉴别器字段，用于标识具体的子类类型
+
+    注意：此字段使用单下划线前缀，表示内部使用。
+    - ✅ 存储到数据库
+    - ✅ 不出现在 API 序列化中
+    - ✅ 防止外部直接修改
+    """
+
+    def __init_subclass__(
+        cls,
+        polymorphic_on: str | None = None,
+        polymorphic_abstract: bool | None = None,
+        **kwargs
+    ):
+        """
+        在子类定义时自动配置 polymorphic 设置
+
+        Args:
+            polymorphic_on: polymorphic_on 字段名，默认为 '_polymorphic_name'。
+                           设置为其他值可以使用不同的字段作为多态鉴别器。
+            polymorphic_abstract: 是否为抽象类。
+                                 - None: 自动检测（默认）
+                                 - True: 强制设为抽象类
+                                 - False: 强制设为非抽象类
+            **kwargs: 传递给父类的其他参数
+        """
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+
+        # 初始化 __mapper_args__（如果还没有）
+        if '__mapper_args__' not in cls.__dict__:
+            cls.__mapper_args__ = {}
+
+        # 设置 polymorphic_on（默认为 _polymorphic_name）
+        if 'polymorphic_on' not in cls.__mapper_args__:
+            cls.__mapper_args__['polymorphic_on'] = polymorphic_on or '_polymorphic_name'
+
+        # 自动检测或设置 polymorphic_abstract
+        if 'polymorphic_abstract' not in cls.__mapper_args__:
+            if polymorphic_abstract is None:
+                # 自动检测：如果继承了 ABC 且有抽象方法，则为抽象类
+                has_abc = ABC in cls.__mro__
+                has_abstract_methods = bool(getattr(cls, '__abstractmethods__', set()))
+                polymorphic_abstract = has_abc and has_abstract_methods
+
+            cls.__mapper_args__['polymorphic_abstract'] = polymorphic_abstract
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_concrete_subclasses(cls) -> list[type['PolymorphicBaseMixin']]:
+        """
+        递归获取当前类的所有具体（非抽象）子类
+
+        用于 selectin_polymorphic 加载策略，自动检测联表继承的所有具体子类。
+        可在任意多态基类上调用，返回该类的所有非抽象子类。
+
+        :return: 所有具体子类的列表（不包含 polymorphic_abstract=True 的抽象类）
+        """
+        result: list[type[PolymorphicBaseMixin]] = []
+        for subclass in cls.__subclasses__():
+            # 使用 inspect() 获取 mapper 的公开属性
+            # 源码确认: mapper.polymorphic_abstract 是公开属性 (mapper.py:811)
+            mapper = inspect(subclass)
+            if not mapper.polymorphic_abstract:
+                result.append(subclass)
+            # 无论是否抽象，都需要递归（抽象类可能有具体子类）
+            if hasattr(subclass, 'get_concrete_subclasses'):
+                result.extend(subclass.get_concrete_subclasses())
+        return result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_polymorphic_discriminator(cls) -> str:
+        """
+        获取多态鉴别字段名
+
+        使用 SQLAlchemy inspect 从 mapper 获取，支持从子类调用。
+
+        :return: 多态鉴别字段名（如 '_polymorphic_name'）
+        :raises ValueError: 如果类未配置 polymorphic_on
+        """
+        polymorphic_on = inspect(cls).polymorphic_on
+        if polymorphic_on is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"{cls.__name__} 未配置 polymorphic_on，"
+                f"请确保正确继承 PolymorphicBaseMixin"
+            )
+        return polymorphic_on.key
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_identity_to_class_map(cls) -> dict[str, type['PolymorphicBaseMixin']]:
+        """
+        获取 polymorphic_identity 到具体子类的映射
+
+        包含所有层级的具体子类（如 Function 和 ModelSwitchFunction 都会被包含）。
+
+        :return: identity 到子类的映射字典
+        """
+        result: dict[str, type[PolymorphicBaseMixin]] = {}
+        for subclass in cls.get_concrete_subclasses():
+            identity = inspect(subclass).polymorphic_identity
+            if identity:
+                result[identity] = subclass
+        return result

models/mixin/table.py

@@ -0,0 +1,927 @@
+"""
+表基类 Mixin
+
+提供 TableBaseMixin、UUIDTableBaseMixin 和 TableViewRequest。
+这些类实际上是 Mixin，为 SQLModel 模型提供 CRUD 操作和时间戳字段。
+
+依赖关系：
+    base/sqlmodel_base.py  ← 最底层
+            ↓
+    mixin/polymorphic.py  ← 定义 PolymorphicBaseMixin
+            ↓
+    mixin/table.py  ← 当前文件，导入 PolymorphicBaseMixin
+            ↓
+    base/__init__.py  ← 从 mixin 重新导出（保持向后兼容）
+"""
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import TypeVar, Literal, override, Any, ClassVar, Generic
+
+# TODO(ListResponse泛型问题): SQLModel泛型类型JSON Schema生成bug
+# 已知问题: https://github.com/fastapi/sqlmodel/discussions/1002
+# 修复PR: https://github.com/fastapi/sqlmodel/pull/1275 (尚未合并)
+# 现象: SQLModel + Generic[T] 的 __pydantic_generic_metadata__ = {origin: None, args: ()}
+#       导致OpenAPI schema中泛型字段显示为{}而非正确的$ref
+# 当前方案: ListResponse继承BaseModel而非SQLModel (Discussion #1002推荐的workaround)
+# 未来: PR #1275合并后可改回继承SQLModelBase
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+from fastapi import HTTPException
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, BinaryExpression, ClauseElement, desc, asc, func, distinct
+from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload, Relationship, with_polymorphic
+from sqlmodel import Field, select
+from sqlmodel.ext.asyncio.session import AsyncSession
+from sqlalchemy.sql._typing import _OnClauseArgument
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncAttrs
+from sqlmodel.main import RelationshipInfo
+
+from .polymorphic import PolymorphicBaseMixin
+from models.base.sqlmodel_base import SQLModelBase
+
+# Type variables for generic type hints, improving code completion and analysis.
+T = TypeVar("T", bound="TableBaseMixin")
+M = TypeVar("M", bound="SQLModelBase")
+ItemT = TypeVar("ItemT")
+
+
+class ListResponse(BaseModel, Generic[ItemT]):
+    """
+    泛型分页响应
+
+    用于所有LIST端点的标准化响应格式，包含记录总数和项目列表。
+    与 TableBaseMixin.get_with_count() 配合使用。
+
+    使用示例：
+        ```python
+        @router.get("", response_model=ListResponse[CharacterInfoResponse])
+        async def list_characters(...) -> ListResponse[Character]:
+            return await Character.get_with_count(session, table_view=table_view)
+        ```
+
+    Attributes:
+        count: 符合条件的记录总数（用于分页计算）
+        items: 当前页的记录列表
+
+    Note:
+        继承BaseModel而非SQLModelBase，因为SQLModel的metaclass与Generic冲突。
+        详见文件顶部TODO注释。
+    """
+    # 与SQLModelBase保持一致的配置
+    model_config = ConfigDict(use_attribute_docstrings=True)
+
+    count: int
+    """符合条件的记录总数"""
+
+    items: list[ItemT]
+    """当前页的记录列表"""
+
+
+# Lambda functions to get the current time, used as default factories in model fields.
+now = lambda: datetime.now()
+now_date = lambda: datetime.now().date()
+
+
+# ==================== 查询参数请求类 ====================
+
+class TimeFilterRequest(SQLModelBase):
+    """
+    时间筛选请求参数
+
+    用于 count() 等只需要时间筛选的场景。
+    纯数据类，只负责参数校验和携带，SQL子句构建由 TableBaseMixin 负责。
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: 时间范围无效
+    """
+    created_after_datetime: datetime | None = None
+    """创建时间起始筛选（created_at >= datetime），如果为None则不限制"""
+
+    created_before_datetime: datetime | None = None
+    """创建时间结束筛选（created_at < datetime），如果为None则不限制"""
+
+    updated_after_datetime: datetime | None = None
+    """更新时间起始筛选（updated_at >= datetime），如果为None则不限制"""
+
+    updated_before_datetime: datetime | None = None
+    """更新时间结束筛选（updated_at < datetime），如果为None则不限制"""
+
+    def model_post_init(self, __context: Any) -> None:
+        """
+        验证时间范围有效性
+
+        验证规则：
+        1. 同类型：after 必须小于 before
+        2. 跨类型：created_after 不能大于 updated_before（记录不可能在创建前被更新）
+        """
+        # 同类型矛盾验证
+        if self.created_after_datetime and self.created_before_datetime:
+            if self.created_after_datetime >= self.created_before_datetime:
+                raise ValueError("created_after_datetime 必须小于 created_before_datetime")
+        if self.updated_after_datetime and self.updated_before_datetime:
+            if self.updated_after_datetime >= self.updated_before_datetime:
+                raise ValueError("updated_after_datetime 必须小于 updated_before_datetime")
+
+        # 跨类型矛盾验证：created_after >= updated_before 意味着要求创建时间晚于或等于更新时间上界，逻辑矛盾
+        if self.created_after_datetime and self.updated_before_datetime:
+            if self.created_after_datetime >= self.updated_before_datetime:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "created_after_datetime 不能大于或等于 updated_before_datetime"
+                    "（记录的更新时间不可能早于或等于创建时间）"
+                )
+
+
+class PaginationRequest(SQLModelBase):
+    """
+    分页排序请求参数
+
+    用于需要分页和排序的场景。
+    纯数据类，只负责携带参数，SQL子句构建由 TableBaseMixin 负责。
+    """
+    offset: int | None = Field(default=0, ge=0)
+    """偏移量（跳过前N条记录），必须为非负整数"""
+
+    limit: int | None = Field(default=50, le=100)
+    """每页数量（返回最多N条记录），默认50，最大100"""
+
+    desc: bool | None = True
+    """是否降序排序（True: 降序, False: 升序）"""
+
+    order: Literal["created_at", "updated_at"] | None = "created_at"
+    """排序字段（created_at: 创建时间, updated_at: 更新时间）"""
+
+
+class TableViewRequest(TimeFilterRequest, PaginationRequest):
+    """
+    表格视图请求参数（分页、排序和时间筛选）
+
+    组合继承 TimeFilterRequest 和 PaginationRequest，用于 get() 等需要完整查询参数的场景。
+    纯数据类，SQL子句构建由 TableBaseMixin 负责。
+
+    使用示例：
+        ```python
+        # 在端点中使用依赖注入
+        @router.get("/list")
+        async def list_items(
+            session: SessionDep,
+            table_view: TableViewRequestDep
+        ):
+            items = await Item.get(
+                session,
+                fetch_mode="all",
+                table_view=table_view
+            )
+            return items
+
+        # 直接使用
+        table_view = TableViewRequest(offset=0, limit=20, desc=True, order="created_at")
+        items = await Item.get(session, fetch_mode="all", table_view=table_view)
+        ```
+    """
+    pass
+
+
+# ==================== TableBaseMixin ====================
+
+class TableBaseMixin(AsyncAttrs):
+    """
+    一个异步 CRUD 操作的基础模型类 Mixin.
+
+    此类必须搭配SQLModelBase使用
+
+    此类为所有继承它的 SQLModel 模型提供了通用的数据库操作方法，
+    例如 add, save, update, delete, 和 get. 它还包括自动管理
+    的 `created_at` 和 `updated_at` 时间戳字段.
+
+    Attributes:
+        id (int | None): 整数主键, 自动递增.
+        created_at (datetime): 记录创建时的时间戳, 自动设置.
+        updated_at (datetime): 记录每次更新时的时间戳, 自动更新.
+    """
+    _is_table_mixin: ClassVar[bool] = True
+    """标记此类为表混入类的内部属性"""
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+        """
+        接受并传递子类定义时的关键字参数
+
+        这允许元类 __DeclarativeMeta 处理的参数（如 table_args）
+        能够正确传递，而不会在 __init_subclass__ 阶段报错。
+        """
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+
+    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=now)
+    updated_at: datetime = Field(
+        sa_type=DateTime,
+        sa_column_kwargs={'default': now, 'onupdate': now},
+        default_factory=now
+    )
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def add(cls: type[T], session: AsyncSession, instances: T | list[T], refresh: bool = True) -> T | list[T]:
+        """
+        向数据库中添加一个新的或多个新的记录.
+
+        这个类方法可以接受单个模型实例或一个实例列表，并将它们
+        一次性提交到数据库中。执行后，可以选择性地刷新这些实例以获取
+        数据库生成的值（例如，自动递增的 ID）.
+
+        Args:
+            session (AsyncSession): 用于数据库操作的异步会话对象.
+            instances (T | list[T]): 要添加的单个模型实例或模型实例列表.
+            refresh (bool): 如果为 True, 将在提交后刷新实例以同步数据库状态. 默认为 True.
+
+        Returns:
+            T | list[T]: 已添加并（可选地）刷新的一个或多个模型实例.
+
+        Usage:
+            item1 = Item(name="Apple")
+            item2 = Item(name="Banana")
+
+            # 添加多个实例
+            added_items = await Item.add(session, [item1, item2])
+
+            # 添加单个实例
+            item3 = Item(name="Cherry")
+            added_item = await Item.add(session, item3)
+        """
+        is_list = False
+        if isinstance(instances, list):
+            is_list = True
+            session.add_all(instances)
+        else:
+            session.add(instances)
+
+        await session.commit()
+
+        if refresh:
+            if is_list:
+                for instance in instances:
+                    await session.refresh(instance)
+            else:
+                await session.refresh(instances)
+
+        return instances
+
+    async def save(
+            self: T,
+            session: AsyncSession,
+            load: RelationshipInfo | None = None,
+            refresh: bool = True
+    ) -> T:
+        """
+        保存（插入或更新）当前模型实例到数据库.
+
+        这是一个实例方法，它将当前对象添加到会话中并提交更改。
+        可以用于创建新记录或更新现有记录。还可以选择在保存后
+        预加载（eager load）一个关联关系.
+
+        **重要**：调用此方法后，session中的所有对象都会过期（expired）。
+        如果需要继续使用该对象，必须使用返回值：
+
+        ```python
+        # ✅ 正确：需要返回值时
+        client = await client.save(session)
+        return client
+
+        # ✅ 正确：不需要返回值时，指定 refresh=False 节省性能
+        await client.save(session, refresh=False)
+
+        # ❌ 错误：需要返回值但未使用
+        await client.save(session)
+        return client  # client 对象已过期
+        ```
+
+        Args:
+            session (AsyncSession): 用于数据库操作的异步会话对象.
+            load (Relationship | None): 可选的，指定在保存和刷新后要预加载的关联属性.
+                                          例如 `User.posts`.
+            refresh (bool): 是否在保存后刷新对象。如果不需要使用返回值，
+                           设为 False 可节省一次数据库查询。默认为 True.
+
+        Returns:
+            T: 如果 refresh=True，返回已刷新的模型实例；否则返回未刷新的 self.
+        """
+        session.add(self)
+        await session.commit()
+
+        if not refresh:
+            return self
+
+        if load is not None:
+            cls = type(self)
+            await session.refresh(self)
+            # 如果指定了 load, 重新获取实例并加载关联关系
+            return await cls.get(session, cls.id == self.id, load=load)
+        else:
+            await session.refresh(self)
+            return self
+
+    async def update(
+            self: T,
+            session: AsyncSession,
+            other: M,
+            extra_data: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+            exclude_unset: bool = True,
+            exclude: set[str] | None = None,
+            load: RelationshipInfo | None = None,
+            refresh: bool = True
+    ) -> T:
+        """
+        使用另一个模型实例或字典中的数据来更新当前实例.
+
+        此方法将 `other` 对象中的数据合并到当前实例中。默认情况下，
+        它只会更新 `other` 中被显式设置的字段.
+
+        **重要**：调用此方法后，session中的所有对象都会过期（expired）。
+        如果需要继续使用该对象，必须使用返回值：
+
+        ```python
+        # ✅ 正确：需要返回值时
+        client = await client.update(session, update_data)
+        return client
+
+        # ✅ 正确：需要返回值且需要加载关系时
+        user = await user.update(session, update_data, load=User.permission)
+        return user
+
+        # ✅ 正确：不需要返回值时，指定 refresh=False 节省性能
+        await client.update(session, update_data, refresh=False)
+
+        # ❌ 错误：需要返回值但未使用
+        await client.update(session, update_data)
+        return client  # client 对象已过期
+        ```
+
+        Args:
+            session (AsyncSession): 用于数据库操作的异步会话对象.
+            other (M): 一个 SQLModel 或 Pydantic 模型实例，其数据将用于更新当前实例.
+            extra_data (dict, optional): 一个额外的字典，用于更新当前实例的特定字段.
+            exclude_unset (bool): 如果为 True, `other` 对象中未设置（即值为 None 或未提供）
+                                  的字段将被忽略. 默认为 True.
+            exclude (set[str] | None): 要从更新中排除的字段名集合。例如 {'permission'}.
+            load (RelationshipInfo | None): 可选的，指定在更新和刷新后要预加载的关联属性.
+                                             例如 `User.permission`.
+            refresh (bool): 是否在更新后刷新对象。如果不需要使用返回值，
+                           设为 False 可节省一次数据库查询。默认为 True.
+
+        Returns:
+            T: 如果 refresh=True，返回已刷新的模型实例；否则返回未刷新的 self.
+        """
+        self.sqlmodel_update(
+            other.model_dump(exclude_unset=exclude_unset, exclude=exclude),
+            update=extra_data
+        )
+
+        session.add(self)
+        await session.commit()
+
+        if not refresh:
+            return self
+
+        if load is not None:
+            cls = type(self)
+            await session.refresh(self)
+            return await cls.get(session, cls.id == self.id, load=load)
+        else:
+            await session.refresh(self)
+            return self
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def delete(cls: type[T], session: AsyncSession, instances: T | list[T]) -> None:
+        """
+        从数据库中删除一个或多个记录.
+
+        Args:
+            session (AsyncSession): 用于数据库操作的异步会话对象.
+            instances (T | list[T]): 要删除的单个模型实例或模型实例列表.
+
+        Returns:
+            None
+
+        Usage:
+            item_to_delete = await Item.get(session, Item.id == 1)
+            if item_to_delete:
+                await Item.delete(session, item_to_delete)
+
+            items_to_delete = await Item.get(session, Item.name.in_(["Apple", "Banana"]), fetch_mode="all")
+            if items_to_delete:
+                await Item.delete(session, items_to_delete)
+        """
+        if isinstance(instances, list):
+            for instance in instances:
+                await session.delete(instance)
+        else:
+            await session.delete(instances)
+
+        await session.commit()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_time_filters(
+            cls: type[T],
+            created_before_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            created_after_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            updated_before_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            updated_after_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+    ) -> list[BinaryExpression]:
+        """
+        构建时间筛选条件列表
+
+        Args:
+            created_before_datetime: 筛选 created_at < datetime 的记录
+            created_after_datetime: 筛选 created_at >= datetime 的记录
+            updated_before_datetime: 筛选 updated_at < datetime 的记录
+            updated_after_datetime: 筛选 updated_at >= datetime 的记录
+
+        Returns:
+            BinaryExpression 条件列表
+        """
+        filters: list[BinaryExpression] = []
+        if created_after_datetime is not None:
+            filters.append(cls.created_at >= created_after_datetime)
+        if created_before_datetime is not None:
+            filters.append(cls.created_at < created_before_datetime)
+        if updated_after_datetime is not None:
+            filters.append(cls.updated_at >= updated_after_datetime)
+        if updated_before_datetime is not None:
+            filters.append(cls.updated_at < updated_before_datetime)
+        return filters
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def get(
+            cls: type[T],
+            session: AsyncSession,
+            condition: BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None = None,
+            *,
+            offset: int | None = None,
+            limit: int | None = None,
+            fetch_mode: Literal["one", "first", "all"] = "first",
+            join: type[T] | tuple[type[T], _OnClauseArgument] | None = None,
+            options: list | None = None,
+            load: RelationshipInfo | None = None,
+            order_by: list[ClauseElement] | None = None,
+            filter: BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None = None,
+            with_for_update: bool = False,
+            table_view: TableViewRequest | None = None,
+            load_polymorphic: list[type[PolymorphicBaseMixin]] | Literal['all'] | None = None,
+            created_before_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            created_after_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            updated_before_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            updated_after_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+    ) -> T | list[T] | None:
+        """
+        根据指定的条件异步地从数据库中获取一个或多个模型实例.
+
+        这是一个功能强大的通用查询方法，支持过滤、排序、分页、连接查询和关联关系预加载.
+
+        Args:
+            session (AsyncSession): 用于数据库操作的异步会话对象.
+            condition (BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None): 主要的查询过滤条件,
+                                                                 例如 `User.id == 1`。
+                                                                 当为 `None` 时，表示无条件查询（查询所有记录）。
+            offset (int | None): 查询结果的起始偏移量, 用于分页.
+            limit (int | None): 返回记录的最大数量, 用于分页.
+            fetch_mode (Literal["one", "first", "all"]):
+                - "one": 获取唯一的一条记录. 如果找不到或找到多条，会引发异常.
+                - "first": 获取查询结果的第一条记录. 如果找不到，返回 `None`.
+                - "all": 获取所有匹配的记录，返回一个列表.
+                默认为 "first".
+            join (type[T] | tuple[type[T], _OnClauseArgument] | None):
+                要 JOIN 的模型类或一个包含模型类和 ON 子句的元组.
+                例如 `User` 或 `(Profile, User.id == Profile.user_id)`.
+            options (list | None): SQLAlchemy 查询选项列表, 通常用于预加载关联数据,
+                                   例如 `[selectinload(User.posts)]`.
+            load (Relationship | None): `selectinload` 的快捷方式，用于预加载单个关联关系.
+                                                例如 `User.profile`.
+            order_by (list[ClauseElement] | None): 用于排序的排序列或表达式的列表.
+                                                   例如 `[User.name.asc(), User.created_at.desc()]`.
+            filter (BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None): 附加的过滤条件.
+
+            with_for_update (bool): 如果为 True, 在查询中使用 `FOR UPDATE` 锁定选定的行. 默认为 False.
+
+            table_view (TableViewRequest | None): TableViewRequest对象，如果提供则自动处理分页、排序和时间筛选。
+                                                  会覆盖offset、limit、order_by及时间筛选参数。
+                                                  这是推荐的分页排序方式，统一了所有LIST端点的参数格式。
+
+            load_polymorphic: 多态子类加载选项，需要与 load 参数配合使用。
+                - list[type[PolymorphicBaseMixin]]: 指定要加载的子类列表
+                - 'all': 两阶段查询，只加载实际关联的子类（对于 > 10 个子类的场景有明显性能收益）
+                - None（默认）: 不使用多态加载
+
+            created_before_datetime (datetime | None): 筛选 created_at < datetime 的记录
+            created_after_datetime (datetime | None): 筛选 created_at >= datetime 的记录
+            updated_before_datetime (datetime | None): 筛选 updated_at < datetime 的记录
+            updated_after_datetime (datetime | None): 筛选 updated_at >= datetime 的记录
+
+        Returns:
+            T | list[T] | None: 根据 `fetch_mode` 的设置，返回单个实例、实例列表或 `None`.
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: 如果提供了无效的 `fetch_mode` 值，或 load_polymorphic 未与 load 配合使用.
+
+        Examples:
+            # 使用table_view参数（推荐）
+            users = await User.get(session, fetch_mode="all", table_view=table_view_args)
+
+            # 传统方式（向后兼容）
+            users = await User.get(session, fetch_mode="all", offset=0, limit=20, order_by=[desc(User.created_at)])
+
+            # 使用多态加载（加载联表继承的子类数据）
+            tool_set = await ToolSet.get(
+                session,
+                ToolSet.id == tool_set_id,
+                load=ToolSet.tools,
+                load_polymorphic='all'  # 只加载实际关联的子类
+            )
+        """
+        # 参数验证：load_polymorphic 需要与 load 配合使用
+        if load_polymorphic is not None and load is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "load_polymorphic 参数需要与 load 参数配合使用，"
+                "请同时指定要加载的关系"
+            )
+
+        # 如果提供table_view，作为默认值使用（单独传入的参数优先级更高）
+        if table_view:
+            # 处理时间筛选（TimeFilterRequest 及其子类）
+            if isinstance(table_view, TimeFilterRequest):
+                if created_after_datetime is None and table_view.created_after_datetime is not None:
+                    created_after_datetime = table_view.created_after_datetime
+                if created_before_datetime is None and table_view.created_before_datetime is not None:
+                    created_before_datetime = table_view.created_before_datetime
+                if updated_after_datetime is None and table_view.updated_after_datetime is not None:
+                    updated_after_datetime = table_view.updated_after_datetime
+                if updated_before_datetime is None and table_view.updated_before_datetime is not None:
+                    updated_before_datetime = table_view.updated_before_datetime
+            # 处理分页排序（PaginationRequest 及其子类，包括 TableViewRequest）
+            if isinstance(table_view, PaginationRequest):
+                if offset is None:
+                    offset = table_view.offset
+                if limit is None:
+                    limit = table_view.limit
+                # 仅在未显式传入order_by时，从table_view构建排序子句
+                if order_by is None:
+                    order_column = cls.created_at if table_view.order == "created_at" else cls.updated_at
+                    order_by = [desc(order_column) if table_view.desc else asc(order_column)]
+
+        # 对于多态基类，使用 with_polymorphic 预加载所有子类的列
+        # 这避免了在响应序列化时的延迟加载问题（MissingGreenlet 错误）
+        if issubclass(cls, PolymorphicBaseMixin):
+            # '*' 表示加载所有子类
+            polymorphic_cls = with_polymorphic(cls, '*')
+            statement = select(polymorphic_cls)
+        else:
+            statement = select(cls)
+
+        if condition is not None:
+            statement = statement.where(condition)
+
+        # 应用时间筛选
+        for time_filter in cls._build_time_filters(
+            created_before_datetime, created_after_datetime,
+            updated_before_datetime, updated_after_datetime
+        ):
+            statement = statement.where(time_filter)
+
+        if join is not None:
+            # 如果 join 是一个元组，解包它；否则直接使用
+            if isinstance(join, tuple):
+                statement = statement.join(*join)
+            else:
+                statement = statement.join(join)
+
+
+        if options:
+            statement = statement.options(*options)
+
+        if load:
+            # 处理多态加载
+            if load_polymorphic is not None:
+                target_class = load.property.mapper.class_
+
+                # 检查目标类是否继承自 PolymorphicBaseMixin
+                if not issubclass(target_class, PolymorphicBaseMixin):
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        f"目标类 {target_class.__name__} 不是多态类，"
+                        f"请确保其继承自 PolymorphicBaseMixin"
+                    )
+
+                if load_polymorphic == 'all':
+                    # 两阶段查询：获取实际关联的多态类型
+                    subclasses_to_load = await cls._resolve_polymorphic_subclasses(
+                        session, condition, load, target_class
+                    )
+                else:
+                    subclasses_to_load = load_polymorphic
+
+                if subclasses_to_load:
+                    # 关键：selectin_polymorphic 必须作为 selectinload 的链式子选项
+                    # 参考: https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/orm/queryguide/relationships.html#polymorphic-eager-loading
+                    statement = statement.options(
+                        selectinload(load).selectin_polymorphic(subclasses_to_load)
+                    )
+                else:
+                    statement = statement.options(selectinload(load))
+            else:
+                statement = statement.options(selectinload(load))
+
+        if order_by is not None:
+            statement = statement.order_by(*order_by)
+
+        if offset:
+            statement = statement.offset(offset)
+
+        if limit:
+            statement = statement.limit(limit)
+
+        if filter:
+            statement = statement.filter(filter)
+
+        if with_for_update:
+            statement = statement.with_for_update()
+
+        result = await session.exec(statement)
+
+        if fetch_mode == "one":
+            return result.one()
+        elif fetch_mode == "first":
+            return result.first()
+        elif fetch_mode == "all":
+            return list(result.all())
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"无效的 fetch_mode: {fetch_mode}")
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def _resolve_polymorphic_subclasses(
+            cls: type[T],
+            session: AsyncSession,
+            condition: BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None,
+            load: RelationshipInfo,
+            target_class: type[PolymorphicBaseMixin]
+    ) -> list[type[PolymorphicBaseMixin]]:
+        """
+        查询实际关联的多态子类类型
+
+        通过查询多态鉴别字段确定实际存在的子类类型，
+        避免加载所有可能的子类表（对于 > 10 个子类的场景有明显收益）。
+
+        :param session: 数据库会话
+        :param condition: 主查询的条件
+        :param load: 关系属性
+        :param target_class: 多态基类
+        :return: 实际关联的子类列表
+        """
+        # 获取多态鉴别字段（会抛出 ValueError 如果未配置）
+        discriminator = target_class.get_polymorphic_discriminator()
+        poly_name_col = getattr(target_class, discriminator)
+
+        # 获取关系属性
+        relationship_property = load.property
+
+        # 构建查询获取实际的多态类型名称
+        if relationship_property.secondary is not None:
+            # 多对多关系：通过中间表查询
+            secondary = relationship_property.secondary
+            local_cols = list(relationship_property.local_columns)
+
+            type_query = (
+                select(distinct(poly_name_col))
+                .select_from(target_class)
+                .join(secondary)
+                .where(secondary.c[local_cols[0].name].in_(
+                    select(cls.id).where(condition) if condition is not None else select(cls.id)
+                ))
+            )
+        else:
+            # 一对多关系：通过外键查询
+            foreign_key_col = relationship_property.local_remote_pairs[0][1]
+            type_query = (
+                select(distinct(poly_name_col))
+                .where(foreign_key_col.in_(
+                    select(cls.id).where(condition) if condition is not None else select(cls.id)
+                ))
+            )
+
+        type_result = await session.exec(type_query)
+        poly_names = list(type_result.all())
+
+        if not poly_names:
+            return []
+
+        # 映射到子类（包含所有层级的具体子类）
+        identity_map = target_class.get_identity_to_class_map()
+        return [identity_map[name] for name in poly_names if name in identity_map]
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def count(
+            cls: type[T],
+            session: AsyncSession,
+            condition: BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None = None,
+            *,
+            time_filter: TimeFilterRequest | None = None,
+            created_before_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            created_after_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            updated_before_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+            updated_after_datetime: datetime | None = None,
+    ) -> int:
+        """
+        根据条件统计记录数量（支持时间筛选）
+
+        使用数据库层面的 COUNT() 聚合函数，比 get() + len() 更高效。
+
+        Args:
+            session: 数据库会话
+            condition: 查询条件，例如 `User.is_active == True`
+            time_filter: TimeFilterRequest 对象（优先级更高）
+            created_before_datetime: 筛选 created_at < datetime 的记录
+            created_after_datetime: 筛选 created_at >= datetime 的记录
+            updated_before_datetime: 筛选 updated_at < datetime 的记录
+            updated_after_datetime: 筛选 updated_at >= datetime 的记录
+
+        Returns:
+            符合条件的记录数量
+
+        Examples:
+            # 统计所有用户
+            total = await User.count(session)
+
+            # 统计激活的虚拟客户端
+            count = await Client.count(
+                session,
+                (Client.user_id == user_id) & (Client.type != ClientTypeEnum.physical) & (Client.is_active == True)
+            )
+
+            # 使用 TimeFilterRequest 进行时间筛选
+            count = await User.count(session, time_filter=time_filter_request)
+
+            # 使用独立时间参数
+            count = await User.count(
+                session,
+                created_after_datetime=datetime(2025, 1, 1),
+                created_before_datetime=datetime(2025, 2, 1),
+            )
+        """
+        # time_filter 的时间筛选优先级更高
+        if isinstance(time_filter, TimeFilterRequest):
+            if time_filter.created_after_datetime is not None:
+                created_after_datetime = time_filter.created_after_datetime
+            if time_filter.created_before_datetime is not None:
+                created_before_datetime = time_filter.created_before_datetime
+            if time_filter.updated_after_datetime is not None:
+                updated_after_datetime = time_filter.updated_after_datetime
+            if time_filter.updated_before_datetime is not None:
+                updated_before_datetime = time_filter.updated_before_datetime
+
+        statement = select(func.count()).select_from(cls)
+
+        # 应用查询条件
+        if condition is not None:
+            statement = statement.where(condition)
+
+        # 应用时间筛选
+        for time_condition in cls._build_time_filters(
+            created_before_datetime, created_after_datetime,
+            updated_before_datetime, updated_after_datetime
+        ):
+            statement = statement.where(time_condition)
+
+        result = await session.scalar(statement)
+        return result or 0
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def get_with_count(
+            cls: type[T],
+            session: AsyncSession,
+            condition: BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None = None,
+            *,
+            join: type[T] | tuple[type[T], _OnClauseArgument] | None = None,
+            options: list | None = None,
+            load: RelationshipInfo | None = None,
+            order_by: list[ClauseElement] | None = None,
+            filter: BinaryExpression | ClauseElement | None = None,
+            table_view: TableViewRequest | None = None,
+            load_polymorphic: list[type[PolymorphicBaseMixin]] | Literal['all'] | None = None,
+    ) -> 'ListResponse[T]':
+        """
+        获取分页列表及总数，直接返回 ListResponse
+
+        同时返回符合条件的记录列表和总数，用于分页场景。
+        与 get() 方法类似，但固定 fetch_mode="all" 并返回 ListResponse。
+
+        注意：如果子类的 get() 方法支持额外参数（如 filter_params），
+        子类应该覆盖此方法以确保 count 和 items 使用相同的过滤条件。
+
+        Args:
+            session: 数据库会话
+            condition: 查询条件
+            join: JOIN 的模型类或元组
+            options: SQLAlchemy 查询选项
+            load: selectinload 预加载关系
+            order_by: 排序子句
+            filter: 附加过滤条件
+            table_view: 分页排序参数（推荐使用）
+            load_polymorphic: 多态子类加载选项
+
+        Returns:
+            ListResponse[T]: 包含 count 和 items 的分页响应
+
+        Examples:
+            ```python
+            @router.get("", response_model=ListResponse[CharacterInfoResponse])
+            async def list_characters(
+                session: SessionDep,
+                table_view: TableViewRequestDep
+            ) -> ListResponse[Character]:
+                return await Character.get_with_count(session, table_view=table_view)
+            ```
+        """
+        # 提取时间筛选参数（用于 count）
+        time_filter: TimeFilterRequest | None = None
+        if table_view is not None:
+            time_filter = TimeFilterRequest(
+                created_after_datetime=table_view.created_after_datetime,
+                created_before_datetime=table_view.created_before_datetime,
+                updated_after_datetime=table_view.updated_after_datetime,
+                updated_before_datetime=table_view.updated_before_datetime,
+            )
+
+        # 获取总数（不带分页限制）
+        total_count = await cls.count(session, condition, time_filter=time_filter)
+
+        # 获取分页数据
+        items = await cls.get(
+            session,
+            condition,
+            fetch_mode="all",
+            join=join,
+            options=options,
+            load=load,
+            order_by=order_by,
+            filter=filter,
+            table_view=table_view,
+            load_polymorphic=load_polymorphic,
+        )
+
+        return ListResponse(count=total_count, items=items)
+
+    @classmethod
+    async def get_exist_one(cls: type[T], session: AsyncSession, id: int, load: RelationshipInfo | None = None) -> T:
+        """
+        根据主键 ID 获取一个存在的记录, 如果不存在则抛出 404 异常.
+
+        这个方法是对 `get` 方法的封装，专门用于处理那种"记录必须存在"的业务场景。
+        如果记录未找到，它会直接引发 FastAPI 的 `HTTPException`, 而不是返回 `None`.
+
+        Args:
+            session (AsyncSession): 用于数据库操作的异步会话对象.
+            id (int): 要查找的记录的主键 ID.
+            load (Relationship | None): 可选的，用于预加载的关联属性.
+
+        Returns:
+            T: 找到的模型实例.
+
+        Raises:
+            HTTPException: 如果 ID 对应的记录不存在，则抛出状态码为 404 的异常.
+        """
+        instance = await cls.get(session, cls.id == id, load=load)
+        if not instance:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Not found")
+        return instance
+
+class UUIDTableBaseMixin(TableBaseMixin):
+    """
+    一个使用 UUID 作为主键的异步 CRUD 操作基础模型类 Mixin.
+
+    此类继承自 `TableBaseMixin`, 将主键 `id` 的类型覆盖为 `uuid.UUID`，
+    并为新记录自动生成 UUID. 它继承了 `TableBaseMixin` 的所有 CRUD 方法.
+
+    Attributes:
+        id (uuid.UUID): UUID 类型的主键, 在创建时自动生成.
+    """
+    id: uuid.UUID = Field(default_factory=uuid.uuid4, primary_key=True)
+    """覆盖 `TableBaseMixin` 的 id 字段，使用 UUID 作为主键."""
+
+    @override
+    @classmethod
+    async def get_exist_one(cls: type[T], session: AsyncSession, id: uuid.UUID, load: Relationship | None = None) -> T:
+        """
+        根据 UUID 主键获取一个存在的记录, 如果不存在则抛出 404 异常.
+
+        此方法覆盖了父类的同名方法，以确保 `id` 参数的类型注解为 `uuid.UUID`,
+        从而提供更好的类型安全和代码提示.
+
+        Args:
+            session (AsyncSession): 用于数据库操作的异步会话对象.
+            id (uuid.UUID): 要查找的记录的 UUID 主键.
+            load (Relationship | None): 可选的，用于预加载的关联属性.
+
+        Returns:
+            T: 找到的模型实例.
+
+        Raises:
+            HTTPException: 如果 UUID 对应的记录不存在，则抛出状态码为 404 的异常.
+        """
+        # 类型检查器可能会警告这里的 `id` 类型不匹配超类方法，
+        # 但在运行时这是正确的，因为超类方法内部的比较 (cls.id == id)
+        # 会正确处理 UUID 类型。`type: ignore` 用于抑制此警告。
+        return await super().get_exist_one(session, id, load) # type: ignore

models/node.py

@@ -1,23 +1,98 @@
-
+from enum import StrEnum
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
-from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, text
+
-from .base import TableBase
+from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, text, Index
+
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .download import Download
 
-class Node(TableBase, table=True):
+
+class NodeStatus(StrEnum):
+    """节点状态枚举"""
+    ONLINE = "online"
+    """正常"""
+    OFFLINE = "offline"
+    """离线"""
+
+
+class NodeType(StrEnum):
+    """节点类型枚举"""
+    MASTER = "master"
+    """主节点"""
+    SLAVE = "slave"
+    """从节点"""
+
+
+class Aria2ConfigurationBase(SQLModelBase):
+    """Aria2配置基础模型"""
+
+    rpc_url: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    """RPC地址"""
+
+    rpc_secret: str | None = None
+    """RPC密钥"""
+
+    temp_path: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    """临时下载路径"""
+
+    max_concurrent: int = Field(default=5, ge=1, le=50)
+    """最大并发数"""
+
+    timeout: int = Field(default=300, ge=1)
+    """请求超时时间（秒）"""
+
+
+class Aria2Configuration(Aria2ConfigurationBase, TableBaseMixin):
+    """Aria2配置模型（与Node一对一关联）"""
+
+    node_id: int = Field(foreign_key="node.id", unique=True, index=True)
+    """关联的节点ID"""
+
+    # 反向关系
+    node: "Node" = Relationship(back_populates="aria2_config")
+    """关联的节点"""
+
+
+class Node(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """节点模型"""
 
-    status: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="节点状态: 0=正常, 1=离线")
+    __table_args__ = (
-    name: str = Field(max_length=255, unique=True, description="节点名称")
+        Index("ix_node_status", "status"),
-    type: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="节点类型")
+    )
-    server: str = Field(max_length=255, description="节点地址（IP或域名）")
+
-    slave_key: str | None = Field(default=None, description="从机通讯密钥")
+    status: NodeStatus = Field(default=NodeStatus.ONLINE, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "'online'"})
-    master_key: str | None = Field(default=None, description="主机通讯密钥")
+    """节点状态"""
-    aria2_enabled: bool = Field(default=False, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": text("false")}, description="是否启用Aria2")
+
-    aria2_options: str | None = Field(default=None, description="Aria2配置 (JSON格式)")
+    name: str = Field(max_length=255, unique=True)
-    rank: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="节点排序权重")
+    """节点名称"""
+
+    type: NodeType
+    """节点类型"""
+
+    server: str = Field(max_length=255)
+    """节点地址（IP或域名）"""
+
+    slave_key: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    """从机通讯密钥"""
+
+    master_key: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    """主机通讯密钥"""
+
+    aria2_enabled: bool = Field(default=False, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": text("false")})
+    """是否启用Aria2"""
+
+    rank: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
+    """节点排序权重"""
 
     # 关系
+    aria2_config: Aria2Configuration | None = Relationship(
+        back_populates="node",
+        sa_relationship_kwargs={"uselist": False},
+    )
+    """Aria2配置"""
+
     downloads: list["Download"] = Relationship(back_populates="node")
+    """该节点的下载任务"""

models/object.py

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Literal, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Literal
 from uuid import UUID
 
 from enum import StrEnum
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, UniqueConstraint, CheckConstraint, Index
 
-from .base import SQLModelBase, UUIDTableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
@@ -20,6 +21,43 @@ class ObjectType(StrEnum):
     FILE = "file"
     FOLDER = "folder"
     
+class StorageType(StrEnum):
+    """存储类型枚举"""
+    LOCAL = "local"
+    QINIU = "qiniu"
+    TENCENT = "tencent"
+    ALIYUN = "aliyun"
+    ONEDRIVE = "onedrive"
+    GOOGLE_DRIVE = "google_drive"
+    DROPBOX = "dropbox"
+    WEBDAV = "webdav"
+    REMOTE = "remote"
+
+
+class FileMetadataBase(SQLModelBase):
+    """文件元数据基础模型"""
+
+    width: int | None = Field(default=None)
+    """图片宽度（像素）"""
+
+    height: int | None = Field(default=None)
+    """图片高度（像素）"""
+
+    duration: float | None = Field(default=None)
+    """音视频时长（秒）"""
+
+    bitrate: int | None = Field(default=None)
+    """比特率（kbps）"""
+
+    mime_type: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=127)
+    """MIME类型"""
+
+    checksum_md5: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=32)
+    """MD5校验和"""
+
+    checksum_sha256: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=64)
+    """SHA256校验和"""
+
 
 # ==================== Base 模型 ====================
 
@@ -99,10 +137,10 @@ class PolicyResponse(SQLModelBase):
     name: str
     """策略名称"""
 
-    type: Literal["local", "qiniu", "tencent", "aliyun", "onedrive", "google_drive", "dropbox", "webdav", "remote"]
+    type: StorageType
     """存储类型"""
 
-    max_size: int = 0
+    max_size: int = Field(ge=0, default=0)
     """单文件最大限制，单位字节，0表示不限制"""
 
     file_type: list[str] | None = None
@@ -127,7 +165,18 @@ class DirectoryResponse(SQLModelBase):
 
 # ==================== 数据库模型 ====================
 
-class Object(ObjectBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
+class FileMetadata(FileMetadataBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin):
+    """文件元数据模型（与Object一对一关联）"""
+
+    object_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="object.id", unique=True, index=True)
+    """关联的对象UUID"""
+
+    # 反向关系
+    object: "Object" = Relationship(back_populates="file_metadata")
+    """关联的对象"""
+
+
+class Object(ObjectBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin):
     """
     统一对象模型
 
@@ -143,7 +192,7 @@ class Object(ObjectBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
     __table_args__ = (
         # 同一父目录下名称唯一（包括 parent_id 为 NULL 的情况）
         UniqueConstraint("owner_id", "parent_id", "name", name="uq_object_parent_name"),
-        # 名称不能包含斜杠
+        # 名称不能包含斜杠 ([TODO] 还有特殊字符)
         CheckConstraint(
             "name NOT LIKE '%/%' AND name NOT LIKE '%\\%'",
             name="ck_object_name_no_slash",
@@ -168,7 +217,7 @@ class Object(ObjectBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
 
     # ==================== 文件专属字段 ====================
 
-    source_name: str | None = None
+    source_name: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
     """源文件名（仅文件有效）"""
 
     size: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
@@ -177,10 +226,6 @@ class Object(ObjectBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
     upload_session_id: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, unique=True, index=True)
     """分块上传会话ID（仅文件有效）"""
 
-    # [TODO] 拆分
-    file_metadata: str | None = None
-    """文件元数据 (JSON格式)，仅文件有效"""
-
     # ==================== 外键 ====================
 
     parent_id: UUID | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="object.id", index=True)
@@ -201,7 +246,7 @@ class Object(ObjectBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
     """存储策略"""
 
     # 自引用关系
-    parent: Optional["Object"] = Relationship(
+    parent: "Object" = Relationship(
         back_populates="children",
         sa_relationship_kwargs={"remote_side": "Object.id"},
     )
@@ -211,6 +256,12 @@ class Object(ObjectBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
     """子对象（文件和子目录）"""
 
     # 仅文件有效的关系
+    file_metadata: FileMetadata | None = Relationship(
+        back_populates="object",
+        sa_relationship_kwargs={"uselist": False},
+    )
+    """文件元数据（仅文件有效）"""
+
     source_links: list["SourceLink"] = Relationship(back_populates="object")
     """源链接列表（仅文件有效）"""
 

models/order.py

@@ -1,25 +1,58 @@
-
+from enum import StrEnum
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from uuid import UUID
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship
 
-from .base import TableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
 
-class Order(TableBase, table=True):
+
+class OrderStatus(StrEnum):
+    """订单状态枚举"""
+    PENDING = "pending"
+    """待支付"""
+    COMPLETED = "completed"
+    """已完成"""
+    CANCELLED = "cancelled"
+    """已取消"""
+
+
+class OrderType(StrEnum):
+    """订单类型枚举"""
+    # [TODO] 补充具体订单类型
+    pass
+
+
+class Order(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """订单模型"""
 
-    order_no: str = Field(max_length=255, unique=True, index=True, description="订单号，唯一")
+    order_no: str = Field(max_length=255, unique=True, index=True)
-    type: int = Field(description="订单类型")
+    """订单号，唯一"""
-    method: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="支付方式")
+
-    product_id: int | None = Field(default=None, description="商品ID")
+    type: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
-    num: int = Field(default=1, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "1"}, description="购买数量")
+    """订单类型 [TODO] 待定义枚举"""
-    name: str = Field(max_length=255, description="商品名称")
+
-    price: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="订单价格（分）")
+    method: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
-    status: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="订单状态: 0=待支付, 1=已完成, 2=已取消")
+    """支付方式"""
+
+    product_id: int | None = Field(default=None)
+    """商品ID"""
+
+    num: int = Field(default=1, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "1"})
+    """购买数量"""
+
+    name: str = Field(max_length=255)
+    """商品名称"""
+
+    price: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
+    """订单价格（分）"""
+
+    status: OrderStatus = Field(default=OrderStatus.PENDING, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "'pending'"})
+    """订单状态"""
     
     # 外键
     user_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="user.id", index=True, description="所属用户UUID")

models/policy.py

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ from uuid import UUID
 from enum import StrEnum
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, text
 
-from .base import SQLModelBase, UUIDTableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .object import Object
@@ -29,16 +30,16 @@ class PolicyType(StrEnum):
 class PolicyOptionsBase(SQLModelBase):
     """存储策略选项的基础模型"""
 
-    token: str | None = None
+    token: str | None = Field(default=None)
     """访问令牌"""
 
-    file_type: str | None = None
+    file_type: str | None = Field(default=None)
     """允许的文件类型"""
 
-    mimetype: str | None = None
+    mimetype: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=127)
     """MIME类型"""
 
-    od_redirect: str | None = None
+    od_redirect: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
     """OneDrive重定向地址"""
 
     chunk_size: int = Field(default=52428800, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "52428800"})
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ class PolicyOptionsBase(SQLModelBase):
     """是否使用S3路径风格"""
 
 
-class PolicyOptions(PolicyOptionsBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
+class PolicyOptions(PolicyOptionsBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin):
     """存储策略选项模型（与Policy一对一关联）"""
 
     policy_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="policy.id", unique=True)
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ class PolicyOptions(PolicyOptionsBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
     """关联的策略"""
 
 
-class Policy(UUIDTableBase, table=True):
+class Policy(SQLModelBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin):
     """存储策略模型"""
 
     name: str = Field(max_length=255, unique=True)

models/redeem.py

@@ -1,10 +1,22 @@
-from sqlmodel import Field, text
+from enum import StrEnum
-from .base import TableBase
 
-class Redeem(TableBase, table=True):
+from sqlmodel import Field, text
+
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
+
+
+class RedeemType(StrEnum):
+    """兑换码类型枚举"""
+    # [TODO] 补充具体兑换码类型
+    pass
+
+
+class Redeem(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """兑换码模型"""
 
-    type: int = Field(description="兑换码类型")
+    type: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
+    """兑换码类型 [TODO] 待定义枚举"""
     product_id: int | None = Field(default=None, description="关联的商品/权益ID")
     num: int = Field(default=1, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "1"}, description="可兑换数量/时长等")
     code: str = Field(unique=True, index=True, description="兑换码，唯一")

models/report.py

@@ -1,15 +1,26 @@
-
+from enum import StrEnum
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship
-from .base import TableBase
+
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .share import Share
 
-class Report(TableBase, table=True):
+
+class ReportReason(StrEnum):
+    """举报原因枚举"""
+    # [TODO] 补充具体举报原因
+    pass
+
+
+class Report(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """举报模型"""
 
-    reason: int = Field(description="举报原因代码")
+    reason: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
+    """举报原因 [TODO] 待定义枚举"""
     description: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="补充描述")
     
     # 外键

models/response.py

@@ -1,15 +1,12 @@
 """
 通用响应模型定义
 """
-
-from typing import Any
 import uuid
 
 from sqlmodel import Field
 
 from .base import SQLModelBase
 
-# [TODO] 未来把这拆了，直接按需返回状态码
 class ResponseBase(SQLModelBase):
     """通用响应模型"""
 

models/setting.py

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 from typing import Literal
+from enum import StrEnum
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, UniqueConstraint
 
-from .base import TableBase, SQLModelBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
-from enum import StrEnum
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 
 # ==================== DTO 模型 ====================
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ class SettingsType(StrEnum):
     WOPI = "wopi"
 
 # 数据库模型
-class Setting(TableBase, table=True):
+class Setting(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """设置模型"""
 
     __table_args__ = (UniqueConstraint("type", "name", name="uq_setting_type_name"),)

models/share.py

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ from uuid import UUID
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, text, UniqueConstraint, Index
 
-from .base import TableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .object import Object
 
 
-class Share(TableBase, table=True):
+class Share(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """分享模型"""
 
     __table_args__ = (
@@ -38,10 +39,10 @@ class Share(TableBase, table=True):
     downloads: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
     """下载次数"""
 
-    remain_downloads: int | None = None
+    remain_downloads: int | None = Field(default=None)
     """剩余下载次数 (NULL为不限制)"""
 
-    expires: datetime | None = None
+    expires: datetime | None = Field(default=None)
     """过期时间 (NULL为永不过期)"""
 
     preview_enabled: bool = Field(default=True, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": text("true")})

models/source_link.py

@@ -4,13 +4,14 @@ from uuid import UUID
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Index
 
-from .base import TableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .object import Object
 
 
-class SourceLink(TableBase, table=True):
+class SourceLink(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """链接模型"""
 
     __table_args__ = (

models/storage_pack.py

@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 
-from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from datetime import datetime
 from uuid import UUID
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Column, func, DateTime
 
-from .base import TableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
 
-class StoragePack(TableBase, table=True):
+class StoragePack(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """容量包模型"""
 
     name: str = Field(max_length=255, description="容量包名称")

models/tag.py

@@ -1,24 +1,41 @@
-
+from enum import StrEnum
-from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from uuid import UUID
 from datetime import datetime
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, UniqueConstraint, Column, func, DateTime
 
-from .base import TableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
 
-class Tag(TableBase, table=True):
+
+class TagType(StrEnum):
+    """标签类型枚举"""
+    MANUAL = "manual"
+    """手动标签"""
+    AUTOMATIC = "automatic"
+    """自动标签"""
+
+
+class Tag(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """标签模型"""
 
     __table_args__ = (UniqueConstraint("name", "user_id", name="uq_tag_name_user"),)
 
-    name: str = Field(max_length=255, description="标签名称")
+    name: str = Field(max_length=255)
-    icon: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="标签图标")
+    """标签名称"""
-    color: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255, description="标签颜色")
+
-    type: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="标签类型: 0=手动, 1=自动")
+    icon: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    """标签图标"""
+
+    color: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=255)
+    """标签颜色"""
+
+    type: TagType = Field(default=TagType.MANUAL, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "'manual'"})
+    """标签类型"""
     expression: str | None = Field(default=None, description="自动标签的匹配表达式")
     
     # 外键

models/task.py

@@ -1,32 +1,96 @@
-
+from enum import StrEnum
-from typing import Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from uuid import UUID
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, CheckConstraint
+from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, CheckConstraint, Index
 
-from .base import TableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
     from .download import Download
 
-class Task(TableBase, table=True):
+
+class TaskStatus(StrEnum):
+    """任务状态枚举"""
+    QUEUED = "queued"
+    """排队中"""
+    RUNNING = "running"
+    """处理中"""
+    COMPLETED = "completed"
+    """已完成"""
+    ERROR = "error"
+    """错误"""
+
+
+class TaskType(StrEnum):
+    """任务类型枚举"""
+    # [TODO] 补充具体任务类型
+    pass
+
+
+class TaskPropsBase(SQLModelBase):
+    """任务属性基础模型"""
+
+    source_path: str | None = None
+    """源路径"""
+
+    dest_path: str | None = None
+    """目标路径"""
+
+    file_ids: str | None = None
+    """文件ID列表（逗号分隔）"""
+
+    # [TODO] 根据业务需求补充更多字段
+
+
+class TaskProps(TaskPropsBase, TableBaseMixin):
+    """任务属性模型（与Task一对一关联）"""
+
+    task_id: int = Field(foreign_key="task.id", primary_key=True)
+    """关联的任务ID"""
+
+    # 反向关系
+    task: "Task" = Relationship(back_populates="props")
+    """关联的任务"""
+
+
+class Task(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """任务模型"""
 
     __table_args__ = (
         CheckConstraint("progress BETWEEN 0 AND 100", name="ck_task_progress_range"),
+        Index("ix_task_status", "status"),
+        Index("ix_task_user_status", "user_id", "status"),
     )
 
-    status: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="任务状态: 0=排队中, 1=处理中, 2=完成, 3=错误")
+    status: TaskStatus = Field(default=TaskStatus.QUEUED, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "'queued'"})
-    type: int = Field(description="任务类型")
+    """任务状态"""
-    progress: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, description="任务进度 (0-100)")
+
-    error: str | None = Field(default=None, description="错误信息")
+    type: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"})
-    props: str | None = Field(default=None, description="任务属性 (JSON格式)")
+    """任务类型 [TODO] 待定义枚举"""
+
+    progress: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, ge=0, le=100)
+    """任务进度（0-100）"""
+
+    error: str | None = Field(default=None)
+    """错误信息"""
 
     # 外键
-    user_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="user.id", index=True, description="所属用户UUID")
+    user_id: UUID = Field(foreign_key="user.id", index=True)
+    """所属用户UUID"""
 
     # 关系
+    props: TaskProps | None = Relationship(
+        back_populates="task",
+        sa_relationship_kwargs={"uselist": False},
+    )
+    """任务属性"""
+
     user: "User" = Relationship(back_populates="tasks")
+    """所属用户"""
+
     downloads: list["Download"] = Relationship(back_populates="task")
+    """关联的下载任务"""

models/user.py

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import StrEnum
-from typing import Literal, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import Literal, TYPE_CHECKING
 from uuid import UUID
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship
 
-from .base import SQLModelBase, UUIDTableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import UUIDTableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .group import Group
@@ -19,15 +20,6 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user_authn import UserAuthn
     from .webdav import WebDAV
 
-"""
-Option 需求
-- 主题 跟随系统/浅色/深色
-- 颜色方案 参考 ThemeResponse
-- 语言
-- 时区
-- 切换到不同存储策略是否提醒
-"""
-
 class AvatarType(StrEnum):
     """头像类型枚举"""
     
@@ -42,6 +34,13 @@ class ThemeType(StrEnum):
     DARK = "dark"
     SYSTEM = "system"
 
+class UserStatus(StrEnum):
+    """用户状态枚举"""
+    
+    ACTIVE = "active"
+    ADMIN_BANNED = "admin_banned"
+    SYSTEM_BANNED = "system_banned"
+
 
 # ==================== Base 模型 ====================
 
@@ -51,8 +50,8 @@ class UserBase(SQLModelBase):
     username: str
     """用户名"""
 
-    status: bool = True
+    status: UserStatus = UserStatus.ACTIVE
-    """用户状态: True=正常, False=封禁"""
+    """用户状态"""
 
     score: int = 0
     """用户积分"""
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ class LoginRequest(SQLModelBase):
     captcha: str | None = None
     """验证码"""
 
-    two_fa_code: str | None = None
+    two_fa_code: int | None = Field(min_length=6, max_length=6)
     """两步验证代码"""
 
 
@@ -192,9 +191,6 @@ class UserSettingResponse(SQLModelBase):
     prefer_theme: str = "#5898d4"
     """用户首选主题"""
 
-    qq: str | None = None
-    """QQ号"""
-
     themes: dict[str, str] = {}
     """用户主题配置"""
 
@@ -216,7 +212,7 @@ UserSettingResponse.model_rebuild()
 
 # ==================== 数据库模型 ====================
 
-class User(UserBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
+class User(UserBase, UUIDTableBaseMixin):
     """用户模型"""
 
     username: str = Field(max_length=50, unique=True, index=True)
@@ -243,7 +239,7 @@ class User(UserBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
     score: int = Field(default=0, sa_column_kwargs={"server_default": "0"}, ge=0)
     """用户积分"""
 
-    group_expires: datetime | None = None
+    group_expires: datetime | None = Field(default=None)
     """当前用户组过期时间"""
 
     # Option 相关字段
@@ -266,13 +262,13 @@ class User(UserBase, UUIDTableBase, table=True):
 
     # 关系
     group: "Group" = Relationship(
-        back_populates="user",
+        back_populates="users",
         sa_relationship_kwargs={
             "foreign_keys": "User.group_id"
         }
     )
-    previous_group: Optional["Group"] = Relationship(
+    previous_group: "Group" = Relationship(
-        back_populates="previous_user",
+        back_populates="previous_users",
         sa_relationship_kwargs={
             "foreign_keys": "User.previous_group_id"
         }

models/user_authn.py

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ from uuid import UUID
 from sqlalchemy import Column, Text
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship
 
-from .base import TableBase, SQLModelBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ class AuthnResponse(SQLModelBase):
 
 # ==================== 数据库模型 ====================
 
-class UserAuthn(TableBase, table=True):
+class UserAuthn(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """用户 WebAuthn 凭证模型，与 User 为多对一关系"""
 
     credential_id: str = Field(max_length=255, unique=True, index=True)

models/webdav.py

@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ from uuid import UUID
 
 from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, UniqueConstraint, text, Column, func, DateTime
 
-from .base import TableBase
+from .base import SQLModelBase
+from .mixin import TableBaseMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .user import User
 
-class WebDAV(TableBase, table=True):
+class WebDAV(SQLModelBase, TableBaseMixin):
     """WebDAV账户模型"""
 
     __table_args__ = (UniqueConstraint("name", "user_id", name="uq_webdav_name_user"),)

utils/JWT/JWT.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
 oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
     scheme_name='获取 JWT Bearer 令牌',
     description='用于获取 JWT Bearer 令牌，需要以表单的形式提交',
-    tokenUrl="/api/user/session",
+    tokenUrl="/api/v1/user/session",
 )
 
 SECRET_KEY = ''