feat: add models for physical files, policies, and user management

- Implement PhysicalFile model to manage physical file references and reference counting.
- Create Policy model with associated options and group links for storage policies.
- Introduce Redeem and Report models for handling redeem codes and reports.
- Add Settings model for site configuration and user settings management.
- Develop Share model for sharing objects with unique codes and associated metadata.
- Implement SourceLink model for managing download links associated with objects.
- Create StoragePack model for managing user storage packages.
- Add Tag model for user-defined tags with manual and automatic types.
- Implement Task model for managing background tasks with status tracking.
- Develop User model with comprehensive user management features including authentication.
- Introduce UserAuthn model for managing WebAuthn credentials.
- Create WebDAV model for managing WebDAV accounts associated with users.
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"""
乐观锁 Mixin
提供基于 SQLAlchemy version_id_col 机制的乐观锁支持。
乐观锁适用场景:
- 涉及"状态转换"的表(如:待支付 -> 已支付)
- 涉及"数值变动"的表(如:余额、库存)
不适用场景:
- 日志表、纯插入表、低价值统计表
- 能用 UPDATE table SET col = col + 1 解决的简单计数问题
使用示例:
class Order(OptimisticLockMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
status: OrderStatusEnum
amount: Decimal
# save/update 时自动检查版本号
# 如果版本号不匹配(其他事务已修改),会抛出 OptimisticLockError
try:
order = await order.save(session)
except OptimisticLockError as e:
# 处理冲突:重新查询并重试,或报错给用户
l.warning(f"乐观锁冲突: {e}")
"""
from typing import ClassVar
from sqlalchemy.orm.exc import StaleDataError
class OptimisticLockError(Exception):
"""
乐观锁冲突异常
当 save/update 操作检测到版本号不匹配时抛出。
这意味着在读取和写入之间,其他事务已经修改了该记录。
Attributes:
model_class: 发生冲突的模型类名
record_id: 记录 ID如果可用
expected_version: 期望的版本号(如果可用)
original_error: 原始的 StaleDataError
"""
def __init__(
self,
message: str,
model_class: str | None = None,
record_id: str | None = None,
expected_version: int | None = None,
original_error: StaleDataError | None = None,
):
super().__init__(message)
self.model_class = model_class
self.record_id = record_id
self.expected_version = expected_version
self.original_error = original_error
class OptimisticLockMixin:
"""
乐观锁 Mixin
使用 SQLAlchemy 的 version_id_col 机制实现乐观锁。
每次 UPDATE 时自动检查并增加版本号,如果版本号不匹配(即其他事务已修改),
session.commit() 会抛出 StaleDataError被 save/update 方法捕获并转换为 OptimisticLockError。
原理:
1. 每条记录有一个 version 字段,初始值为 0
2. 每次 UPDATE 时SQLAlchemy 生成的 SQL 类似:
UPDATE table SET ..., version = version + 1 WHERE id = ? AND version = ?
3. 如果 WHERE 条件不匹配version 已被其他事务修改),
UPDATE 影响 0 行SQLAlchemy 抛出 StaleDataError
继承顺序:
OptimisticLockMixin 必须放在 TableBaseMixin/UUIDTableBaseMixin 之前:
class Order(OptimisticLockMixin, UUIDTableBaseMixin, table=True):
...
配套重试:
如果加了乐观锁,业务层需要处理 OptimisticLockError
- 报错给用户:"数据已被修改,请刷新后重试"
- 自动重试:重新查询最新数据并再次尝试
"""
_has_optimistic_lock: ClassVar[bool] = True
"""标记此类启用了乐观锁"""
version: int = 0
"""乐观锁版本号,每次更新自动递增"""